高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)的方法
英語語法是針對英語語言進(jìn)行研究后,系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來的一系列語言規(guī)則。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)的方法,供大家參閱!
高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)的方法:高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)
高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 人教版
一. 本周教育內(nèi)容:
語法復(fù)習(xí):
非謂語動詞做名詞的定語
There be句型中的非謂語動詞的使用 With+名詞+補(bǔ)足語
二. 知識總結(jié)與歸納:
(一)非謂語動詞(to do; doing; done)做名詞的定語
修飾一個(gè)名詞除了后面用定語從句以外,還可以用doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾。其結(jié)構(gòu)和意思如下: 1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語:正在做……的人/正在發(fā)生的事。 2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語:被……的人/事
3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語:正在被……的人/事 4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語:將要被……的人/事 請看下面幾個(gè)定語從句以及句中定語從句的簡化表達(dá):
1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. 3. The question that is being discussed is very important. The question being discussed is very important.
4. You are welcome to a party which is to be given in our class at 7:45.
You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45. 總結(jié):以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語。
1. 這些短語作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾名詞的后面。如果單獨(dú)一個(gè)V-ing或V-ed
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形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。
2. 分詞作定語時(shí),其動作應(yīng)與全句動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的。
3. 不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的,to be done表示將要被做的。 例句:
1. Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.
2. A bridge connecting Asia with North America across the Bering Strait could be a critical link in the proposed global highway which would allow people to travel overland to anywhere in the world.
3. A driver starting off in the evening on the Russian side would arrive in Alaska on the morning of that same day, effectively traveling many hours back in time.
注意:還有一些結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)形成了固定的短語: doing/done+名詞 如:
the fallen leaves a washing machine spoken English written English a dressing mirror a waiting room the coming year boiled water boiling water等
(二)There be句型中的非謂語動詞的使用:
There be + 名詞+ to do:有……要做 +doing:有……正在做/發(fā)生 +done: 有……被……
There is nothing to worry about. There are birds singing in the tree.
(三)用with/without短語做伴隨狀語。結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
with/without+名詞+ doing 短語
done短語 A. being discussed B. discussed to do 短語 C. to be discussed D. to discuss 介詞短語/副詞 分析:難道你不覺得明天要討論的問題很重要嗎?_____ tomorrow做定
例句: 語修飾名詞the question,表示:“將要被討論的……” 用to be done 結(jié)1. Tom went away, without a word spoken. 構(gòu)做定語。 2. Most of houses were built of bricks made of dried mud, with a roof 答案:C supported by palm tree trunks. 4. The picture ____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. 3. He lay on his back, with his hands behind his head. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 4. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car , with its 分析:The picture ____ on the wall:掛在墻上的畫。Hang在句中是headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. 不及物動詞。hanging做picture的定語。 答案:B 【典型例題】 一. 單項(xiàng)選擇: 二. 翻譯句子: 1. With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president 1. Though there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more is having a hard time. for which to be thankful.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle 答案:盡管人生有許多煩擾,但更多的是感恩。 D. being settled 2. The Amazon has over a thousand tributaries feeding into it. The
分析:With a lot of difficult problems _____ 意思是“有這么多難entire river system is the size of North America. 題要解決,”因此使用with+名詞+to do 形式。 答案:亞馬孫河由一千多條支流匯交而成。整個(gè)水系覆蓋的面積如北美洲 一樣大。
答案:C 3. There is every reason to be hopeful about the future. As I make 2. How many of us_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us visits around the country, I see at first hand the effort being made would be interested in the discussion? to bring communities together.
A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. 答案:我們有理由對未來充滿希望。在我巡視全國時(shí),我親眼看到人們?yōu)閔ave attended 團(tuán)結(jié)各社群而正在進(jìn)行的努力。
分析:根據(jù)句意:比如說,我們當(dāng)中參加一個(gè)對我們毫不重要的會議的人4. There is certainly much more to be done and many challenges to be 會有多少人對這個(gè)討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not overcome.
important to us修飾How many of us做定語與全句動作同步。 答案:我們要做的事還有很多,要戰(zhàn)勝的挑戰(zhàn)也很多。
答案:B 5. They all need to be reassured that there is so much to be gained 3. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance. by reaching out to others.
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答案:他們都需要重新樹立觀點(diǎn):了解他人受益匪淺。
6. The implication drawn by Jesus is clear. Everyone is our neighbor—no matter what race, creed or color. The need to look after a fellow human being is far more important than any cultural or religious differences.
答案:耶酥要傳達(dá)的寓意十分清楚。無論何種民族,信仰和膚色,每一個(gè)人都是我們的鄰居。照顧每個(gè)人的需要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)重要于任何文化和宗教上的分歧。
【模擬試題】(答題時(shí)間:50分鐘) 一. 單項(xiàng)選擇:
1. The missing boy were last seen __A___near the river.
A. playing B. to be plying C. play D. to play
2. Who did the teacher have _B___ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?
A. writing B. write C. to write D. written
3. They would not allow him _A_ across the enemy line.
A. to risk going B. risking going C. for risk going D. risk going 4. — Where should I send my form ?
— The Personal office is the place __B_.
A. for sending it B. to send it to C. to send D. to send it
5. The students, _C__ at the way the question was put, didn’t know how to answer it.
A. being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised
6. He is lying in bed, with his eyes looking at the ceilings and his hands __D_ behind his head.
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A. to cross B. crossing C. cross D. crossed
7. The old man was moved by what she said, with tears _A_ up in his eyes.
A. welling B. welled C. rolling D. rolled
三. 短文改錯(cuò):
Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. candles
In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. is too. There are people spank(拍打)or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3.去掉are
This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The 4. _but_
child must never cry. The custom says that if you cry, you ∧cry all year. 5. will
The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6.√
away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. harder
country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. different
goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle(針). 9. child’s
As soon as the child woke up, the parent pricks(刺)the child 10. wakes
高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)的方法:高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)方法
語法是英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和基本功,也必然成為備考英語的重中之重。今天就讓我們透過08年江蘇高考英語試卷的單項(xiàng)選擇題,來看一看高考英語語法考察的方向和...
語法是英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和基本功,也必然成為備考英語的重中之重。今天就讓我們透過08年江蘇高考英語試卷的單項(xiàng)選擇題,來看一看高考英語語法考察的方向和趨勢,有的放矢地備戰(zhàn)……語法,作為英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和基本功,也必然成為備考英語的重中之重。今天就讓我們透過08年江蘇高考英語試卷的單項(xiàng)選擇題,來看一看高考英語語法考察的方向和趨勢,有的放矢地備戰(zhàn)。
一、熟悉文化背景知識,提高運(yùn)用能力
縱觀近幾年高考不難發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)在的命題者漸漸開始由“知識立意”轉(zhuǎn)向“能力立意”。所謂“能力立意”,即重視學(xué)生思考、分析和運(yùn)用能力,而不是單純的行文造句。在08年江蘇高考英語試卷中,“能力立意”發(fā)揮地淋漓盡致,聽力測試流行的“場景風(fēng)”也愈演愈烈,來到了單項(xiàng)選擇部分。在15道單選題中,共有9道以情景對話的形式出現(xiàn)。通過設(shè)置情景,將知識的考查與語言意義的考查有機(jī)地結(jié)合,實(shí)現(xiàn)了知識與能力綜合測試的目標(biāo)。
因此,廣大同學(xué)在備戰(zhàn)過程中第一點(diǎn)即是要重視運(yùn)用。有句老土的話叫做“書山有路勤為徑”,備考同樣如此。當(dāng)然備考“場景風(fēng)”當(dāng)屬最輕松的了,同學(xué)們可以在緊張的學(xué)習(xí)之余多聽一些原版的英文資料,不僅要關(guān)注新聞,還可以關(guān)注討論、演講等形式,如CCTV-9的一些文化類節(jié)目,以及地道的talkshow,對于同學(xué)們的思維能力和語言運(yùn)用的地道程度會有很大幫助。
二、高度重視各知識點(diǎn),確保零失誤
很多同學(xué)進(jìn)入高三后,會把英語語法的復(fù)習(xí)重心放在難題偏題上,這完全是一個(gè)誤區(qū)。高考試卷中出現(xiàn)難題偏題的概率是極其低的,如果為了1%的可能性放棄99%的必然性,結(jié)果肯定得不償失。讓我們來看一看08年高考單項(xiàng)選擇第一題。
21.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.
A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填D.不填;不填
和往年一樣,第一道題基本上都是考查冠詞,本題檢驗(yàn)的是零冠詞和定冠詞的運(yùn)用。此外,試卷第27題考查連詞,第28題考查介詞。有相當(dāng)一部分同學(xué)就是因?yàn)椴恢匾曔@等看起來簡單的知識點(diǎn),在高度緊張的考試情緒下出現(xiàn)失誤。在第一輪復(fù)習(xí)中,尤其希望同學(xué)們靜下心來,把每一個(gè)語法模塊都過一遍。對于這樣的得分點(diǎn),必須保證完勝。
三、學(xué)會歸納分析,掌握高頻考點(diǎn)
在08年試卷中,單選部分對于動詞的考查達(dá)到了前所未有的比例??疾榉较虬ǎ?/p>
1)動詞短語。
23.—IsPeterthere?
—______,please.I’llseeifIcanfindhimforyou.
A.HoldupB.HoldonC.HoldoutD.Holdoff
31.—I’mstillworkingonmyproject.
—Oh,you’llmissthedeadline.Timeis______.
A.runningoutB.goingoutC.givingoutD.losingout
通過這兩題我們發(fā)現(xiàn),對于動詞短語的考查同樣是放在特定的場景之下,作為交際用語,所以請同學(xué)們務(wù)必在理解名意的基礎(chǔ)上,辨析詞義,進(jìn)行選擇。
2)動詞時(shí)態(tài)。通過學(xué)習(xí)我們會發(fā)現(xiàn),英語和漢語存在著諸多區(qū)別,其中時(shí)態(tài)是最大差別之一。中文中對于時(shí)態(tài)的表意十分模糊,沒有固定的規(guī)范,而英文則不同,五花八門的時(shí)態(tài)各司其職,時(shí)態(tài)成為了高考語法必考點(diǎn)。08年高考對時(shí)態(tài)的考查放在了第33題:
33.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.
—Ithinkso.He______foritformonths.
A.ispreparingB.waspreparing
C.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing
細(xì)心的考生不難發(fā)現(xiàn),所有時(shí)態(tài)的考題基本上都有相應(yīng)的時(shí)間提示語,本題中“formonths”就扮演了這個(gè)角色,通過這一點(diǎn)很容易就能選出正確答案。當(dāng)然,有的時(shí)候時(shí)間狀語不是如此明顯,同學(xué)們不能自亂陣腳,試著在特定的語境中進(jìn)行分析,答案也自然就會浮出水面。
3)情態(tài)動詞。自初中起,我們便開始接觸到了形形色色的情態(tài)動詞,作為傳情表意的好方法,高考同樣不會放過對于情態(tài)動詞的考查。與中考等低年級考試不同的是,高考中的情態(tài)動詞考法通常會與時(shí)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)相結(jié)合,如08年35題:
35.—I’msorry.I______atyoutheotherday.
—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.
A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshouted
C.mustn’tshoutC.mustn’thaveshouted
題干中“theotherday”作為明顯的時(shí)間狀語,作用匪淺。通過這一狀語我們才能夠最終確定選項(xiàng)。對于情態(tài)動詞本身而言,同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)中首先要弄清楚各個(gè)情態(tài)動詞的基本含義和用法,再次要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注一些特殊用法,如“情態(tài)動詞+havedonesth.”表示推測意義,而本題中的“shouldhavedone”表示“過去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”。最后,則同樣是要結(jié)合上下文加以準(zhǔn)確判斷。
四、擺正心態(tài),勇敢面對難點(diǎn)
對于廣大考生來說,基礎(chǔ)題目無法拉開距離,而真正錦上添花的,還得靠那為數(shù)不多的難題,在高考試卷中,這些題目大致分部在倒裝、非謂語動詞、從句等幾大塊。08高考中即考查了定語從句的用法:
24.TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
乍一看此題為非謂語從句,首選“which”,而有些同學(xué)又會看到visit后面應(yīng)該接地點(diǎn),開始在“which”和“where”之間徘徊,其實(shí),只要定下心來,認(rèn)清楚狀語duringarecenttriptoBritain中的Britain并不是visit的賓語,此題是非常容易解答的。對于難點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí),同學(xué)們一定要擺正心態(tài),不要抱著急攻近利、一蹴而就的思想,而是穩(wěn)打穩(wěn)扎。在做題的過程中,請同學(xué)們把遇到的難題分門別類進(jìn)行記錄,找到自己常錯(cuò)易錯(cuò)的知識點(diǎn),結(jié)合書本知識和老師講解,攻克難關(guān)。