常見(jiàn)新托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞
想在新托?？谡Z(yǔ)中拿高分什么最重要?連接詞最重要。無(wú)論你在托?？荚囍白隽耸裁礈?zhǔn)備，都不要忘記連接詞，巧用連接詞可以讓你的各個(gè)語(yǔ)句組成一個(gè)整體，讓你的思維變得連貫，進(jìn)而拿到新托?？谡Z(yǔ)高分。下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)常見(jiàn)新托福口語(yǔ)連接詞。
常見(jiàn)新托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞
常見(jiàn)的新托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞有：
(1)表選擇關(guān)系或?qū)Φ汝P(guān)系的連接詞：either…or…，neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。
(2)表因果關(guān)系或?qū)Φ汝P(guān)系的連接詞：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …，because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
(3)表時(shí)間順序的連接詞：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。
(4)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞：yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。
(5)表解釋說(shuō)明的連接詞：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
(6)表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連接詞：not only…but (also), what，s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
(7)表示總結(jié)的連接詞：in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
對(duì)于這些連接詞的應(yīng)用，大家一定要有信心!!相信自己能說(shuō)好，相信自己能把想要表達(dá)的東西表達(dá)清楚。只要你說(shuō)的能讓老美聽(tīng)懂就OK，所以就更加證明了托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞是很重要的。
而且，連接詞的口語(yǔ)需要的就是練，練多了就有感覺(jué)了，尤其是1、2題，就不會(huì)忘記在句子停頓的時(shí)候用一個(gè)連接詞來(lái)連接。
托?？谡Z(yǔ)提高方法：巧用托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞
我們先來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：
下面是以為同學(xué)針對(duì)問(wèn)題“What is an activity that you enjoy doing with your friends and why? Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.”的回答。
There are two reasons why I think so. One reason is that playing sports help us create strong bonds of friendship. It creates many opportunities of cooperation if we have to beat others when play in a group.I don’t like exercising alone. It is really boring if you have to repeat some moves.I am really interested in playing sports with my friends.
第一句是總起句，應(yīng)該用表起始的連接詞，如: in the beginning, in the first place,等等;第二句是第一句的解釋?zhuān)虼丝梢杂胻hat is to say, in other words等等來(lái)聯(lián)系這些關(guān)系。表遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，可以用moreover。下面我們來(lái)看看修改后的答案。
As far as I am concerned, I really love playing sports with my friends. There are two reasons why I think so. Actually, one reason is that playing sports helps us create strong bonds of friendship. You know, it creates many opportunities of cooperation if we have to beat others when play in a group. Also, I don’t like exercising alone. Because it is really boring if you have to repeat some moves. For these two reasons, I am really interested in playing sports with my friends.
這樣看起來(lái)，用上連接詞以后，整個(gè)答案讀起來(lái)都通順了許多。
大家在備考托?？谡Z(yǔ)時(shí)要積累一些常用的連接詞，無(wú)論是表達(dá)因果、對(duì)等、時(shí)間順序等等時(shí)，都知道用什么詞語(yǔ)來(lái)銜接答案。巧用托?？谡Z(yǔ)連接詞肯定會(huì)讓大家的口語(yǔ)水平得到不小的提升。
為什么你的托?？谡Z(yǔ)上不了25
如果你也被這樣的托福問(wèn)題所困惑：
1、為什么自己的閱讀和聽(tīng)力在老師的指導(dǎo)下和自己勤奮的日夜刷題的題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)中不斷取得自信，但是口語(yǔ)還是無(wú)情的在真實(shí)的考場(chǎng)中被“虐”?
2、為什么自己在每日的訓(xùn)練中已經(jīng)能在表述答案時(shí)做到流暢自然，但分?jǐn)?shù)還是不能像其它科目一樣得到高分?
3、為什么已經(jīng)每天跑到湖邊瘋狂地用英文吶喊，老師還是說(shuō)自己的口語(yǔ)有問(wèn)題?
想知道問(wèn)題出在哪里嗎?
如果是發(fā)音存在問(wèn)題則需要了解自己哪些音節(jié)發(fā)得不準(zhǔn)，或是在發(fā)音技巧上如連讀，不完全爆破等多下功夫。機(jī)會(huì)與自己的小伙伴或是native對(duì)話，模仿地道的英文。單純重復(fù)而不對(duì)錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行及時(shí)的糾正，只會(huì)讓自己在通向高分的道路上漸行漸遠(yuǎn)。
有時(shí)候有目的的訓(xùn)練才能使自己的口語(yǔ)不斷進(jìn)步。另外，要著重強(qiáng)調(diào)的是中國(guó)考生在托福口語(yǔ)中面對(duì)問(wèn)題，已經(jīng)有思路，但仍存在的表述障礙，或是已經(jīng)很努力地去練習(xí)，但是找不到具體提升方向的三方面：一是表達(dá)思想空洞，沒(méi)有具體的例子和細(xì)節(jié)支持，二是缺乏連貫性，三是詞匯使用不當(dāng)。
1
表達(dá)思想空洞
首先，中國(guó)學(xué)生在用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)的時(shí)候，論點(diǎn)有余，但是支持論點(diǎn)的例子和原因顯得嚴(yán)重不足，因此，整篇表達(dá)聽(tīng)上去十分干澀，不夠豐滿。
例如，當(dāng)一個(gè)中國(guó)學(xué)生想要表達(dá)他非常喜歡一部電影的時(shí)候，他可能會(huì)不斷地羅列他的論點(diǎn)而無(wú)法去挖掘、發(fā)展他的觀點(diǎn)，他會(huì)說(shuō)“I love this movie, and I think it is amazing. No one loves the movie like I do; it is so good and I think it is the best film in this world.”
這樣的表達(dá)即使用最漂亮的發(fā)音呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)也顯得蒼白無(wú)力。甚至有的同學(xué)將托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目中常出現(xiàn)的一句話“Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.” 當(dāng)作一句沒(méi)用的話，殊不知這正是托?？谡Z(yǔ)考試希望同學(xué)們做的，用充分的事實(shí)去展開(kāi)。
一個(gè)建議的版本可以是這樣的，如果想表達(dá)很喜歡Forrest Gump《阿甘正傳》這部電影，可以說(shuō)：
“I love this movie because I can learn something about America's history. For example，I know the lost generation and Watergate scandal through this movie. People living in UnitedStates start doubting the policy of government, and of course, how the Vietnam War affected American people's lives. People want to change their attitudes to the war, and look for their own freedom and democracy. So I can have the opportunity to enrich my knowledge concerning this through this masterpiece.”
這是一部非?！坝?a href='http://zh056.com/zixun/wenhua/' target='_blank'>文化”的電影。導(dǎo)演將美國(guó)重要的歷史事件默默的安排在阿甘的經(jīng)歷中，通過(guò)時(shí)代的變遷反映出美國(guó)在各個(gè)時(shí)期的特征和美國(guó)年輕人的追求。如果考生可以用“迷失的一代”，“水門(mén)事件”，來(lái)舉例，rater馬上就明白我喜歡這部電影的原因了，而且通過(guò)這些美國(guó)人耳熟能詳?shù)睦右搀w現(xiàn)出考生滿腹經(jīng)綸，是一個(gè)非常了解美國(guó)歷史和文化的優(yōu)秀考生。
再舉一例，比如談到一所好的大學(xué)需要具備什么樣的特點(diǎn)這道題時(shí)，會(huì)說(shuō)“The university has a good library.”或“The university has numerous trees.”就此停止了，而沒(méi)能有理有據(jù)地展開(kāi)。
正確的表述比如：
“My university has a good library, and it is one of the largest and most valuable research libraries in China. It has about 6 million items in its collection, including over 2 million books and pamphlets and thousands of charts, engravings, manuscripts, map and so forth. The library's half million manuscript collection reflects different aspects of Chinese life and culture. And the library has grown so large that it could no longer be housed in one building. Two more buildings were built to accommodate the ever increasing collection in the library. Also, the library is computerized, so students can research the information or E-book freely when the professor assigns the new homework, which makes the use of the library a pleasant experience.”
要想避免表達(dá)思想內(nèi)容空洞就可以按照上面大學(xué)圖書(shū)館一例來(lái)把自己的想法展開(kāi)。具體要細(xì)化到什么程度還是由考生自己決定，不過(guò)強(qiáng)烈建議考生可以根據(jù)自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和真實(shí)的感受(比如真的對(duì)自己學(xué)校的圖書(shū)館)進(jìn)行客觀的評(píng)價(jià)，而不是在考場(chǎng)中隨性的編造例子，畢竟編造的內(nèi)容是你臨時(shí)想的，你也不能確定你的創(chuàng)造是否能hold住45秒的答題時(shí)間，反而自己真實(shí)的感受更容易表達(dá)。所以平時(shí)對(duì)于生活中的素材，或是一些新聞實(shí)事合理積累也對(duì)話題的展開(kāi)大有裨益。
2
注意中西方文化差異
還有就是在舉例表達(dá)時(shí)也必須注意中西文化的差異，很多考生在闡述思想時(shí)能把中國(guó)文化中普遍認(rèn)同的東西表達(dá)出來(lái)，卻沒(méi)有能夠把中國(guó)人為何普遍認(rèn)同這種東西其背后的原因和條件講述出來(lái)。
因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人對(duì)其背后的原因和條件一無(wú)所知，就很難明白你想表達(dá)的思想觀點(diǎn)，甚至?xí)J(rèn)為你所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是荒.唐的。比如說(shuō)，一個(gè)學(xué)生在談到在中國(guó)用什么交通工具最好這一問(wèn)題時(shí)，闡述了這一觀點(diǎn)“Only the very wealthy people can afford to buy a car.”為了使美國(guó)人真正理解這句話，就必須按下面的方法來(lái)交代原因和條件：
The living standard in China is still not very high. The average monthly income per person even in large and affluent cities is about 200 U. S. dollars. This income is just enough to cover the family expenses, without any money left for savings. Furthermore, cars in China are far more expensive than in the United States. The cheapest car in China would be about 10,000 dollars. Very few Chinese people can save enough to purchase a car, not to mention the cost of car maintenance.
從此例可以看出在表達(dá)思想時(shí)一定要把支持這一觀點(diǎn)的事實(shí)和條件列出來(lái)，即使是眾人皆知的原因和條件亦是如此。要避免跨越的思維，造成強(qiáng)邏輯的錯(cuò)誤，這是西方人在表達(dá)思想時(shí)與中國(guó)人的不同之處。
在中國(guó)，一個(gè)人下結(jié)論時(shí)，如果別人聽(tīng)不懂，往往這個(gè)聽(tīng)不懂的人會(huì)被看作無(wú)知，而下結(jié)論的人被認(rèn)為是有高深學(xué)問(wèn)和深刻語(yǔ)言能力的，這也是我國(guó)強(qiáng)調(diào)“博學(xué)”的體現(xiàn);而美式思維更強(qiáng)調(diào)推理能力，即如何自圓其說(shuō)。
即有時(shí)候我的觀點(diǎn)與你所知的觀點(diǎn)有些許不同，甚至曾被你認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)的，但是當(dāng)你聽(tīng)完我的敘述之后，你發(fā)現(xiàn)有道理并被我說(shuō)服了。有意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)自己說(shuō)理的能力，對(duì)于思路的詳細(xì)擴(kuò)展有非常積極的影響。
托福口語(yǔ)解題步驟詳解
Step1：STUDENTS SHOULD UNDERSTAND THE QUESTION FIRST
第一步：考生要先了解托?？谡Z(yǔ)試題問(wèn)的是什么
One crucial point to be able to speak logically in the test is by making sure that one truly understands the question or the problem that needs to be answered or solved. If the answer that one gives is not even related to the question， then the answer becomes totally illogical. Even if all the grammars， dictions and even the choice of words are carefully said， the whole thing becomes nonsense. As they say， human beings were created with two ears， two eyes and one mouth because God wants us to listen more， see and observe more and speak less. In the medical field， doctor should be able to find the sickness first before being able to prescribe the right medicine. To be able to give the best solution and answers， students must be able to know and understand what the problem or question is.
要讓托?？谡Z(yǔ)有邏輯很重要的一點(diǎn)是你要真正理解問(wèn)題的含義，知道應(yīng)該如何解決問(wèn)題，處理問(wèn)題。要是你的答案跟問(wèn)題毫不相干，答案就等于完全沒(méi)有邏輯性。即便語(yǔ)法啊，發(fā)音啊，措詞啊都很好，但是整個(gè)答案毫無(wú)意義。人有兩只耳朵，兩只眼睛，一張嘴，所以你要多聽(tīng)，多看，少說(shuō)。醫(yī)生也是要先找出病癥才能對(duì)癥下藥。同學(xué)們一定要先理解問(wèn)題是什么。然后才能給出最好的答案和解決方案。
Step 2：LEARN TO ORGANIZE YOUR THINKING AND IDEAS
第二步：學(xué)會(huì)組織的你想法
I often hear students say “oops! I put my foot into my mouth again.” Students often speak words that they would regret later on once they are able to take the time to really think of the whole thing. Students often end up making the wrong decision or saying things that they would regret later on when they allow their emotion especially if it is negative to control them. To be able to speak logically requires a lot of brain power that is why it is logic. In the book of proverbs it says “as a man thinketh， so is he.” This simply means， students are what they think. During their idle times before the test， what students can do is think of questions， scenarios and situations of TOEL speaking test， then also think of the most logical answer that they can give. It is during this time that student’s brain is functioning more and not their emotion and adrenalin. They can process and practice everything properly without pressure. When the time comes that they come face to face with these questions， then they are prepared to answer confidently and logically because they were able to organize their thinking and plan ahead of time about the answer.
同學(xué)們常常在事后，等到有時(shí)間重新回想的時(shí)候再后悔。尤其是在充滿消極情緒的情況下，同學(xué)們常常做出錯(cuò)誤的判斷，說(shuō)出錯(cuò)誤的話，等到平靜下來(lái)以后非常后悔。想要把話說(shuō)得富有邏輯性是相當(dāng)費(fèi)神的事。在考前的空余時(shí)間里，同學(xué)們就應(yīng)該思考問(wèn)題，想想新托?？谡Z(yǔ)考試的場(chǎng)景，想想如何有邏輯性地回答問(wèn)題。此刻，同學(xué)們的大腦勝過(guò)了情緒。能夠毫無(wú)壓力地練習(xí)。由于事前已經(jīng)把想法組織好，一旦面對(duì)考試問(wèn)題，同學(xué)們就已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好富有自信和邏輯地回答問(wèn)題了。
Step 3：REHEARSE
第三步：演練
After organizing ones thought， students should practice on how to deliver their organized thing king and ideas out loud to themselves and， if appropriate， to a few others. Do it out loud because the words always come out right in your head， but if you have to speak them you'll catch some problems before hand. Most of the time students know what they want to say but when they say it out will be quite different from what they had thought. Do it again repeatedly. Keep doing it until you are comfortable and improved. Rehearsing is also a good way to build a student’s confidence in speaking. Practice makes perfect， it can really give student an ideal score in the exam.
組織好想法以后，同學(xué)們就要演練怎樣大聲對(duì)自己說(shuō)了。如果可以的話，也可以對(duì)其他人說(shuō)。大聲說(shuō)出來(lái)!語(yǔ)言已經(jīng)在腦海中形成了!不過(guò)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問(wèn)題。很多時(shí)候，同學(xué)們發(fā)現(xiàn)要說(shuō)的跟所想的有些區(qū)別。那就一遍一遍反復(fù)說(shuō)，一直說(shuō)到你自己覺(jué)得舒服，有所提高為止。這對(duì)提升考生的自信有極大好處。熟能生巧，這真的會(huì)給你帶來(lái)高分哦。
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常見(jiàn)新托福口語(yǔ)連接詞
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