怎樣提高英語寫作的技巧(2)
怎樣提高英語寫作的技巧
(三)多用過渡詞
過渡詞往往指一些副詞、連詞、介詞短語和非謂語動詞短語等,恰當?shù)厥褂每杀苊饨Y(jié)構(gòu)松散,層次不明,表意不清等弊端,使文章條理清楚,文字連貫流暢。
以下文字若不考慮過渡詞,一口氣讀下去,同學們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)有語意松散不明,囫圇吞棗的感覺,因此不妨試著填上恰當?shù)倪^渡詞,體驗一下沒有過渡詞的文章。
As we all know,we are what we eat ,it is very important to form healthy eating habits. ,bad eating habits are still very common among us students, going to school without breakfast,having snacks,being particular about food and eating or drinking too much. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health. how can we form a healthy eating habit? ,we should have various healthy diets. ,we’d better have meals regularly,Only in this way can we build up a strong body.
參考答案:Therefore,However,like I such as,But,F(xiàn)irst(ly),Second(ly)
想要正確運用過渡詞,首先要積累,然后才能區(qū)別、比較相近的詞匯。
(1)總結(jié)、歸類、記憶過渡詞。常用過渡詞見下表。
意義 詞語
遞進 besides,what’s more,furthermore,moreover,worse still,to make matters worse,also,in addition,even,at the same time,what is worse
轉(zhuǎn)折 but,however,yet,although,in spite of,on the contrary,on the other hand,otherwise
原因 because,because of,owing to,on account of,considering,due to
結(jié)果 so,therefore,thus,as a result,lead to,result in
時間 now,then,afterwards,later,soon,before long,after that,shortly after that,soon after that,up till now,just now,just then,so far
說明 for example,for instance,such as,like,that is to say,actually,according to this,believe it or not,to tell you the truth,and so on
順序 first,firstly,at first,first of all,second,secondly,finally,at last,in the end
比較、對比 in the same way,on the contrary,on the other hand,more or less,sooner or later,similarly
強調(diào) above all,after all,at least,at most,indeed,in fact,surely,certainly,without any delay,of course,last but not least,there is no doubt that
見解 in my view,personally speaking,as far as I am concerned
結(jié)論 in a word,in general,generally speaking,in short,as you know,in conclusion
條件 if,on condition(that),as long as,unless,once
陳述事實 in fact,actually,as a matter of fact,to tell you the truth
(2)留心篇章中的過渡詞。標記在范文或閱讀篇章中出現(xiàn)的過渡詞,背誦和朗讀時留意其使用的語境,并思考什么時候用這個詞或短語。
(3)練習詞語的替換。很多過渡詞都有同義詞可以互換使用,如:firstly,secondly,thirdly...和in the first place,in the second place,in the third place...等。
(四)同義詞·多變換
·巧用高級詞匯
在高考書面表達最高檔的評分標準中,使用高級詞匯是其中一項重要的衡量標準,因此要想取得高分,就必須使用一定的高級詞匯來增加文章的亮點,提高文章的檔次。
許多同學一聽“高級”二字,就倍感壓力,缺乏信心,不敢嘗試。其實這只不過是換個詞來表達,李四換張三罷了。例如,表示“出發(fā)去上海”之意時,可用“leave for Shanghai”“set out for Shanghai”來替換“go to Shanghai”。表示“高興”一意,考生一般會馬上想到happy,好一些的會想到glad,但若用到delighted或cheerful,閱卷老師看見本篇書面表達詞匯量大、語言豐富,那就更容易給高分。
【例句】 33年前唐山發(fā)生了一場可怕的地震。
原句:A terrible earthquake happened in Tangshan 33 years ago.
修改:A terrible earthquake hit/struck Tangshan 33 years ago.
【例句】 我突然想到了一個好主意。
原句:I suddenly had a good idea.
修改:A good idea occurred to me.
【例句】 我們會盡力保護好我們的環(huán)境。
原句:We will try our best to protect the environment.
修改:We will spare no effort to protect the environment.
溫馨提示:為了在寫作中成功地使用高級詞匯,除了要克服不敢用的心理,還要求同學們在積累詞匯時,做個有心人,注意詞性,尤其是較復(fù)雜的詞匯。一個很好的應(yīng)對方法就是不單獨背單詞,而是記詞組或句子,并標清詞性?,F(xiàn)仍以aware和awareness為例,例如:
be aware(adj.)of sth.意識到……
be aware that...意識到……
make sb.aware of sth.使某人意識到……
raise one’s awareness(n.) about sth.提高某人某方面的意識
高級詞匯的巧妙使用如畫龍點睛之筆,無疑會讓閱卷老師動情、動心、動容,給個高分也是隨手的事了,因此同學們不妨現(xiàn)在準備一個詞匯本,多多積累些高級詞匯,以備不時之需。做筆記的時候,記得按照以上方法記錄,并且把高級詞匯對應(yīng)的“低級”詞匯寫出來,以便對照。