雅思閱讀資料推薦
為了幫助大家在備考雅思閱讀的時(shí)候能夠多多練習(xí)一些材料，下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)雅思閱讀資料推薦。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：六個(gè)壞習(xí)慣將毀掉你的睡眠
If you equate getting older with needing—or getting—less sleep, here’s a wake-up call: It's not true! “The majority of us require between seven and nine hours of shut-eye a night," says Robert Oexman, D.C., director of the Sleep to Live Institute. “And there’s little reason—whether you’re 55 or 80—not to get it.” Barring disease, medication and pain (all legitimate sleep interrupters), if patients complain of bad sleep, Dr. Oexman looks at their nighttime habits, where the problem almost always resides.
如果你認(rèn)為人慢慢長(zhǎng)大變老，需要或得到的睡眠更少，那我來(lái)提醒你吧，不是這樣的!睡眠與生命研究所所長(zhǎng)，脊骨神經(jīng)科醫(yī)師羅伯特·歐克斯曼說(shuō)道：“大多數(shù)人每晚需要7-9小時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間。無(wú)論你是55還是80歲，都應(yīng)該做到這一點(diǎn)?！奔膊?、藥物和疼痛除外(這些都可能會(huì)干擾睡眠)，如果病人抱怨睡不好覺(jué)，歐克斯曼醫(yī)師會(huì)查看其晚間生活習(xí)慣來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題所在。
So, how are you sabotaging your z-z-z-z-z’s?
所以，你是怎樣破壞自己的睡眠的呢?
Bad Habit #1: Watching TV until you fall asleep?
壞習(xí)慣一：看電視看到睡著
Why It Disrupts Sleep: It has nothing to do with what you watch—Downton Abbey isn’t a better pre-sleep choice than Dog the Bounty Hunter. Rather it’s the exposure to TV’s bright light that’s the culprit. Artificial bright light after dusk not only enhances alertness, but also delays the production of melatonin, a sleep-inducing hormone. So even if you nod off (in front of the TV, for example), you probably won’t stay asleep for long.
為什么會(huì)影響睡眠：這和你看什么節(jié)目沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系，因?yàn)椤短祁D莊園》并不是比《賞金獵人》更好的睡前節(jié)目。反而是暴露在電視強(qiáng)光下才是影響你睡眠的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。天黑后的人造?qiáng)光不僅讓人增加警惕性，而且會(huì)延遲體內(nèi)睡眠荷爾蒙——褪黑素的生成。所以即使你打盹了(比如在電視機(jī)前)，你很可能也睡不了多久。
EZZZ Fix: An hour before bedtime, treat yourself like a baby: a warm bath, followed by a quiet activity in dim light—meditation, journal writing, reading. But no reading or writing on your computer before bed or in the middle of the night. (Almost half of the respondents in the AOL Email Addiction survey admitted to checking email during the night. If that’s you, keep technology out of the bedroom.)
解決方法：睡前一小時(shí)，讓自己像嬰兒一樣：洗個(gè)熱水澡，在暗淡的燈光下做些安靜的事情-冥想，寫(xiě)日記，閱讀。但是睡前或者半夜絕對(duì)不能在電腦上閱讀或者寫(xiě)東西。(幾乎一半?yún)⑴c美國(guó)在線(xiàn)電子郵件上癮調(diào)查的人們承認(rèn)晚間會(huì)查看電子郵件。如果你也是這樣，那么記得把高科技關(guān)在臥室外面吧。)
Bad Habit #2: Sleeping with Fido
壞習(xí)慣二：抱狗狗睡覺(jué)
Why It Disrupts Sleep: While animal-lovers argue the emotional benefits of sharing a pillow with their pets, research shows that pets can contribute to less than sound sleep. How? “Pets have different circadian rhythms than humans," says Oexman. “They sleep most of the day, and they shift a lot when sleeping—they get comfortable, then they move. This goes on all night, and whether you admit it or not, it interrupts your ability to get the level of sleep needed to feel rested." (As for pet dander and allergies—sneezing and wheezing are not great sleep enhancers.)
為什么會(huì)影響睡眠：動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者認(rèn)為和寵物一起睡覺(jué)有情感上的益處，然而研究表明寵物實(shí)際上會(huì)影響睡眠。這是怎么回事呢?“寵物和人有著不同的生理節(jié)律，”歐克斯曼說(shuō)，“他們每天大多數(shù)時(shí)候都會(huì)睡，睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候經(jīng)常動(dòng)-他們覺(jué)得舒服，然后就會(huì)動(dòng)。整晚都會(huì)這樣，而且無(wú)論你承認(rèn)與否，你都會(huì)不知不覺(jué)被影響而達(dá)不到自己需要的睡眠程度。(至于寵物皮屑和各種過(guò)敏導(dǎo)致的打噴嚏和喘息都是會(huì)影響睡眠的因素。)
EZZZ Fix: For two weeks, put your pooch or cat in a crate outside your closed bedroom door. When your pet can sleep quietly in the crate, move the crate inside your room for another two weeks. When the crate training is complete, try letting the dog or cat sleep in his own bed near your bed. Discourage all attempts to jump on your bed and reward all successes for staying in his own bed. (Caveat: Plan on interrupted sleep for a few weeks.)
雅思閱讀材料大集合：可以聽(tīng)懂你情緒的手機(jī)應(yīng)用
Beyond Verbal Communications Ltd., a voice-recognition software developer here, is rolling out an app promising something Siri can't yet deliver: a readout on how you feel.
語(yǔ)音識(shí)別軟件開(kāi)發(fā)商Beyond Verbal Communications Ltd.即將推出一款應(yīng)用軟件，有望實(shí)現(xiàn)Siri尚且無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)功能：把你的情緒顯示出來(lái)。
Called Moodies, it lets a smartphone user speak a few words into the phone's mike to produce, about 20 seconds later, an emotional analysis. Beyond Verbal executives say the app is mostly for self-diagnosis -- and a bit of fun: It pairs a cartoon face with each analysis, and users can share the face on social media.
借助于這款名為“Moodies”的應(yīng)用，智能手機(jī)用戶(hù)可以朝著手機(jī)的麥克風(fēng)講話(huà)，在大約20秒鐘之后生成情緒分析。Beyond Verbal的管理人員說(shuō)，該應(yīng)用主要是用于自我診斷，也可以帶來(lái)一些小小的樂(lè)趣：它給每一次分析配上一張卡通臉孔，用戶(hù)可以把臉孔拿到社交媒體上去分享。
But the app is coming out as the company and other developers -- many clustered in Tel Aviv -- push increasingly sophisticated hardware and software they say can determine a person's emotional state through analysis of his or her voice.
在這款應(yīng)用面世之際，Beyond Verbal和其他一些開(kāi)發(fā)商――很多都扎堆特拉維夫――正在推出一些越來(lái)越尖端、據(jù)它們說(shuō)可以通過(guò)分析語(yǔ)音確定一個(gè)人情緒狀態(tài)的硬件和軟件。
These companies say the tools can also detect fraud, screen airline passengers and help a call-center technician better deal with an irate customer. And they can be used to keep tabs on employees or screen job applicants. One developer, Tel Aviv-based Nemesysco Ltd., offers what it calls 'honesty maintenance' software aimed at human-resource executives. The firm says that by analyzing a job applicant's voice at an interview, the program can help identify fibs.
這些公司說(shuō)，這些工具還可以偵測(cè)欺詐、檢查飛機(jī)乘客、幫助呼叫中心技術(shù)人員更好地對(duì)付發(fā)飆的顧客。它們可以用來(lái)監(jiān)視員工或篩選求職者。特拉維夫開(kāi)發(fā)商N(yùn)emesysco Ltd.推出以人力資源經(jīng)理為目標(biāo)客戶(hù)的“誠(chéng)信維護(hù)”軟件。該公司說(shuō)，這套程序可以通過(guò)分析求職者在面試期間的說(shuō)話(huà)聲音來(lái)幫助辨別謊言。
That's raising alarm among many voice-analysis experts, who question the accuracy of such on-the-spot interpretations. It's also raising worries among privacy advocates, who say such technology -- especially if it is being rolled out in cheap, easy-to-use smartphone apps -- could be a fresh threat to privacy.
這引起了很多語(yǔ)音分析專(zhuān)家的警惕，他們對(duì)這類(lèi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)譯的準(zhǔn)確性提出了質(zhì)疑。也引起了很多隱私鼓吹者的憂(yōu)慮，他們說(shuō)，這類(lèi)技術(shù)有可能成為一種新的隱私威脅，如果是以便宜好用的智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用的形式推出，威脅就更為嚴(yán)重。
Depending on how the analysis is performed, used and shared, 'there could well be breaches of certain privacy laws,' says Gwendolen Morgan, an associate at Bindmans LLP, a London human-rights law firm.
倫敦人權(quán)律師事務(wù)所Bindmans LLP合伙人格溫德琳?摩根(Gwendolen Morgan)說(shuō)，這些分析“很有可能違反了某些隱私法規(guī)”，具體要看它們是怎樣運(yùn)行以及被使用和共享的。
The new wave of technology is based on so-called layered voice analysis, and it's related to the much broader, more established field of 'speech-to-text' sentiment analysis. Verint Systems Inc., Thomson Reuters PLC and Hewlett-Packard Co. and others have long used speech-to-text technology to record phone calls and break them down into so-called text-based sentiment intelligence by flagging the occurrence of keywords or types of words. Call centers use the data to teach employees to keep customers on the phone or monitor employees for training purposes.
這一波新的技術(shù)浪潮基于“深層語(yǔ)音分析”(layered voice analysis)，跟更廣泛、更成熟的“語(yǔ)音轉(zhuǎn)文字”(speech-to-text)情緒分析領(lǐng)域有關(guān)。Verint Systems Inc.、湯森路透(Thomson Reuters PLC)、惠普(Hewlett-Packard Co.)等公司曾長(zhǎng)期使用語(yǔ)音轉(zhuǎn)文字技術(shù)來(lái)記錄通話(huà)，并把出現(xiàn)在其中的關(guān)鍵詞或某些詞語(yǔ)種類(lèi)標(biāo)注出來(lái)，從而將通話(huà)分解為“基于文本的情緒情報(bào)”。呼叫中心用這些數(shù)據(jù)教員工如何讓客戶(hù)保持通話(huà)，或?yàn)榱伺嘤?xùn)的目的而監(jiān)測(cè)員工。
The new speech-focused tools come as other companies are marketing body-language and facial-recognition sentiment-analysis tools -- including an app for Google Inc.'s Google Glass.
在這些新的語(yǔ)音分析工具面世之際，其他公司也在銷(xiāo)售身體語(yǔ)言和面部識(shí)別類(lèi)的情緒分析工具，比如一款針對(duì)谷歌公司(Google Inc.)“谷歌眼鏡”(Google Glass)的應(yīng)用。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：北京推出霧霾險(xiǎn)可以放心出游
Travellers to China worried that their view of the Great Wall will be obscured by Beijing’s pollution can rest easy with a “smog insurance” product being introduced this week.
前往中國(guó)的游客如果擔(dān)心長(zhǎng)城風(fēng)景可能受到北京污染的影響，那么本周推出的“霧霾險(xiǎn)”產(chǎn)品有望讓他們安心。
“Smog insurance” is the latest response to choking air pollution in China and follows efforts that include closing industrial plants and do-it-yourself air filter specialists dispensing advice online.
“霧霾險(xiǎn)”是對(duì)中國(guó)令人不敢呼吸的空氣污染的最新回應(yīng)，之前的努力包括政府勒令工廠停產(chǎn)，以及DIY空氣過(guò)濾器專(zhuān)家在網(wǎng)上提供咨詢(xún)。
Panasonic, the Japanese electronics group, said last week it would offer a pollution bonus to expatriate employees working in China.
日本電子集團(tuán)松下(Panasonic)上周表示，將向外派至中國(guó)工作的非中國(guó)籍員工提供污染獎(jiǎng)金。
Li Keqiang, Chinese premier, declared a “war on pollution” in his annual speech to the legislature in March. Only three Chinese cities meet national air quality standards, two of which are on islands.
中國(guó)總理李克強(qiáng)3月在全國(guó)人大年會(huì)上發(fā)表講話(huà)時(shí)，宣布“向污染宣戰(zhàn)”。中國(guó)只有三個(gè)城市達(dá)到國(guó)家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其中兩個(gè)位于島上。
CTrip, an online travel agent, and Ping An, the state-owned insurance company, have teamed up to offer “smog insurance” to travellers and residents in seven cities plagued by smog. The scheme pays out when the air quality index, or AQI, exceeds set levels for two days in a row.
在線(xiàn)旅游代理攜程(CTrip)和國(guó)有保險(xiǎn)公司平安(Ping An)聯(lián)手推出“霧霾險(xiǎn)”，面向受到霧霾困擾的7個(gè)城市的游客和市民。該產(chǎn)品將在空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)(AQI)連續(xù)兩天超過(guò)設(shè)定水平時(shí)作出賠付。
A week of the index being over 300, a level deemed hazardous at prolonged exposure, yields the policy holder a free lung check while those who need hospitalisation because of it would receive Rmb1,500 (0).
如果空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)持續(xù)一周高于300(被視為長(zhǎng)時(shí)間接觸有危險(xiǎn)的水平)，保單持有人將得到一次免費(fèi)的肺部檢查，而污染導(dǎo)致需要住院接受治療的保單持有人將得到1500元人民幣(合240美元)。
If pollution exceeds the charts, as happened this winter in the northern city of Shijiazhuang for several days, policy holders can compete for a free trip to the subtropical island of Hainan to “clear their lungs”.
如果污染達(dá)到“爆表”水平(北方城市石家莊在這個(gè)冬天有好幾天出現(xiàn)這樣的情況)，保單持有人有機(jī)會(huì)獲取海南“洗肺”旅游。
It is not unknown for cities in northern China to see pollution in hazardous levels for a week at a time, particularly in the winter. But Ping An is on safer ground in the springtime, when breezes and bright skies tend to keep the AQI within more comfortable limits.
在冬季的華北城市，危險(xiǎn)級(jí)別的污染持續(xù)一周的情況并非罕見(jiàn)。但春天意味著平安保險(xiǎn)較有把握：微風(fēng)和明媚的天空往往使空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)保持在比較舒適的范圍內(nèi)。
Haikou, the capital of subtropical Hainan Island, Zhoushan, on an archipelago south of Shanghai that consists of 1,390 islands and 1.1m inhabitants, and Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, were the only three to meet national standards in a survey of 74 of the largest cities, the vice minister for the environment said this month.
中國(guó)環(huán)保部副部長(zhǎng)本月表示，全國(guó)74個(gè)城市的全年監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果顯示，僅3個(gè)城市達(dá)到空氣質(zhì)量二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這3個(gè)城市是：?？?地處亞熱帶的海南島的首府)、舟山(上海以南的一個(gè)群島，共有1390個(gè)島嶼和110萬(wàn)居民)，以及西藏首府拉薩。
The air quality index assesses the level of air pollution with a grading system from 0 to 500. The higher the value, the more polluted the air and the greater the health concern: 50 represents good air quality with little potential to affect public health and over 300 is well within the hazardous range.
空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)采用從0到500的數(shù)值來(lái)評(píng)估空氣污染水平。該值越高，空氣污染就越嚴(yán)重，健康擔(dān)憂(yōu)就更大： 50代表空氣質(zhì)量狀況屬于優(yōu)，不致影響公眾健康，而超過(guò)300就進(jìn)入危險(xiǎn)范圍了。
The air in Beijing on Thursday was rated “good” by the US embassy and “excellent” on the Chinese index.
周四，北京的空氣被美國(guó)大使館評(píng)為“良好”，被中國(guó)的指數(shù)評(píng)為“優(yōu)”。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：八個(gè)方法支撐你度過(guò)困難時(shí)期
No matter what problem you're facing, tough times happen to the best of us. Whether it's financial trouble or just an overall bad day, finding positivity in a daunting situation is the key to overcoming it. It may be hard to look on the bright side, especially when things aren't going as expected, but everything passes in time. If you need a boost of happiness to help you through the day, be sure to remember these things:
不管你正在面臨什么問(wèn)題，即使是最幸運(yùn)的人也會(huì)遇到困難時(shí)期。不管是經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題或者只是倒霉的一天，關(guān)鍵在于我們要在不順的環(huán)境里找到正能量!有時(shí)候，我們很難凡事都往好處想，特別是在事情進(jìn)展不順的時(shí)候，但是一切都會(huì)過(guò)去的。如果你需要一點(diǎn)幸福感來(lái)支撐你度過(guò)今天，記住以下這些事情：
1. Accept it.
接受現(xiàn)實(shí)。
Although it may seem challenging to accept a negative situation, it's your best bet in moving toward a resolution. You can't change what already happened; you can only focus on how to improve the circumstances now.
雖然讓你接受一個(gè)消極的境遇很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但這是讓你找到解決方案的最好的措施了。你不能改變已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，你只能集中精力尋找改善情況的方法。
2. Don't waste time dwelling on it.
不要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間老是想著問(wèn)題。
Dwelling on a problem can only make it bigger than it already is. Not only will you feel worse in the long run, but also, you'll lose valuable time when you could be working toward a solution. Don't let a bad situation get the best of you — take steps to let it go.
老想著一個(gè)問(wèn)題只會(huì)讓問(wèn)題變得比實(shí)際更嚴(yán)重。你不僅會(huì)覺(jué)得越來(lái)越糟糕，而且你浪費(fèi)了本可以用來(lái)想出解決方案的寶貴時(shí)間。不要讓壞情況阻礙你，隨它去吧。
3. Don't compare yourself to others.
不要拿自己和別人比。
According to a quote from Steven Furtick, "The reason why we struggle with insecurity is because we compare our behind the scenes with everyone's highlight reel." When you're struggling through a tough situation, comparing yourself is the last thing you should be doing. You have no idea what struggles another person could be going through, so instead of comparing, you should look at the happiness within yourself.
作家史蒂文·富蒂克說(shuō)過(guò)：“我們?nèi)狈Π踩?，是因?yàn)槲覀兛偸悄米约翰缓玫牡胤脚c別人的長(zhǎng)處對(duì)比。” 當(dāng)你在艱難的環(huán)境里掙扎的時(shí)候，你最不該做的事兒就是和別人比較。你根本不知道其他人正在經(jīng)歷什么樣的掙扎，所以與其比較，不如多關(guān)注一下自己的快樂(lè)。
4. Make a plan of action.
制定一個(gè)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。
The best way to overcome a negative time is to be determined to find a way out of it. If you don't like the way something is, do what you can in your power to change it. In financial situations, you can work on a budget and prioritize your costs. In a fight with a loved one, you can take some time to cool down and amend things by talking it out.
度過(guò)困難時(shí)期的最佳方法就是下定決心戰(zhàn)勝它。如果你不喜歡某件事，發(fā)揮你的力量來(lái)改變它吧。對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題，你可以做一個(gè)預(yù)算并安排一下各項(xiàng)開(kāi)銷(xiāo)的順序。如果是跟愛(ài)人吵架了，你要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間來(lái)冷靜一下，然后把問(wèn)題說(shuō)出來(lái)才能解決它。
5. Recognize positive things in your life.
發(fā)現(xiàn)你生活中積極的事物。
While it may feel like your world is crashing around you, this rough time does not, ultimately, define your life. From family to being healthy, it's best to recognize the positive things in your life. It definitely helps ease the pain of a negative situation.
你可能覺(jué)得自己的世界都要崩塌了，但是一次這樣的艱難時(shí)刻并不會(huì)定義你的人生。不管是一個(gè)美滿(mǎn)的家庭或是自己的健康，最好要發(fā)現(xiàn)你生活中這些積極的事物，這絕對(duì)可以幫助你減輕在困難環(huán)境里的痛苦。
6. Acknowledge you're not alone.
明白自己不是一個(gè)人在戰(zhàn)斗。
Having a support system is essential for any tough moment. Family members, significant others, and best friends are the people you should confide in when going through a distressing time. These people are the ones who know you best and can give you advice from an outside perspective. Besides, it doesn't hurt having someone you love and care for in your corner rooting you on.
在困難的時(shí)候，一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的后援團(tuán)是很重要的。家人、另一半或者好朋友都是你在經(jīng)歷痛苦時(shí)可以?xún)A訴的人。這些人是最懂你的人，可以從旁觀者的角度來(lái)給你一些建議。而且，讓你愛(ài)的人或者你關(guān)心的人給你一點(diǎn)支持，總不會(huì)有什么壞處。
7. Learn from it.
從中學(xué)習(xí)。
There's always something to be learned from every experience you go through, good or bad. Take some time to reflect on the situation, how you reacted, and what you can do if you ever go through it again. Collecting all this knowledge could even help you avoid the situation in the future or assist a friend who is going through something similar.
無(wú)論好壞，你總能從每次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)習(xí)到一些事情?；ㄐr(shí)間來(lái)反思一下當(dāng)時(shí)的處境、你是如何應(yīng)對(duì)的還有如果重頭來(lái)一次，你會(huì)怎么做?前事不忘，后事之師，以后你還能幫助遇到相同情況的朋友呢。
8. Look to the future.
展望未來(lái)。
Now that all is said and done, it's time to start looking ahead to the future. Leave the past behind you, and begin looking to a brighter tomorrow. Change begins and ends with you, and clinging to a past event won't help alter it. Work on building a better future for yourself; it all starts with a positive mindset.
該說(shuō)的該做的都完成了，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候開(kāi)始展望未來(lái)了。拋開(kāi)過(guò)去，開(kāi)始眺望一個(gè)更加燦爛的明天!你決定自己生活里的一切變化，沉溺過(guò)去是不會(huì)幫助你改變處境的。努力為自己建造更美好的未來(lái);一切從一個(gè)積極的心態(tài)開(kāi)始!
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