英語完型填空之答題技巧
完型填空是一項(xiàng)綜合性很強(qiáng)的題目。在平常練習(xí)中，大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為完型填空很難應(yīng)付，其實(shí)，即使題目再難，答題也是有章可循的。接下來，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了英語完型填空之答題技巧,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
英語完型填空之答題技巧
首先，完型填空的首句一般都是完整的，其目的是給答題者一個(gè)整體思路，我們順著這個(gè)整體思路進(jìn)行第一遍的“跳讀”，也就是不看選項(xiàng)通讀全篇。雖然文章已經(jīng)被“挖”的支離破碎，我們?nèi)阅艽蟾欧治龀鏊l(fā)生的語言環(huán)境是“hospital”，還是“cinema”或
是“farm”。知道了這些以后，思維就會(huì)變得具體起來。接下去進(jìn)行第二遍的諸題攻破，邊看邊選。這遍做起來是最費(fèi)時(shí)間的，因?yàn)槊窟x一個(gè)空，都要考慮到有關(guān)的語義搭配、固定句式、詞組、時(shí)態(tài)等各個(gè)方面。比如，如果選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞，那么，考查的可能是時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞過去式、過去分詞的規(guī)則、不規(guī)則變化;如果選項(xiàng)是介詞，考查的可能是固定搭配或詞組;如果選項(xiàng)是連詞，則考的可能是上下文的順承轉(zhuǎn)接等等。.這就要求答題者有較深的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)功底，同時(shí)，要能做到上下呼應(yīng)，左右連接。在填完所有的空之后，就進(jìn)入到了第三遍的糾錯(cuò)過程。這一步要求我們把所有的選項(xiàng)一一對(duì)應(yīng)到相應(yīng)的空中，把它作為一篇完整的閱讀文章來通讀、復(fù)查。許多學(xué)生經(jīng)常會(huì)忽略或意識(shí)不到這一步的重要，其實(shí)，通過最后一遍的通讀，可以通過語感分析出選項(xiàng)是否與語境相吻合，是否與原文協(xié)調(diào)一致，是否符合應(yīng)有的邏輯關(guān)系。這樣看來，這一遍絕對(duì)是重中之重、不可或缺的。
下面讓我們來一次“實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)”，一定會(huì)有所提高，有所感悟的。
Kate and Sandy are American students.. they ___1____ sisters. They live ____2____ now. Kate is ___3____ than Sandy. She likes living1 in town very much. Kate thinks living in town is ____4_____ than ___5____ in the country. There are more parks shops and cinemas in town than in the country. She especially2 likes the lights in town. She thinks the lights ____6___ are more beautiful than the stars. She likes to read and reads ___7____ than Sandy. Often Kate reads until3 very late at night. Sandy likes the country ____8____. She thinks the country life4 is quiet. There is less5 noise and fewer6 cars. She likes to visit her Aunt Peggy. She often helps her aunt ___9____ her work. Sandy likes to run. She runs faster than Kate. In the country Sandy can longer than in town. She also thinks running7 in the country ___10___ the most exciting thing to do.
1. A.am B.is C.are D. /
2. A. in the town
B. in town C. in the country
D. in country
3. A. old B. older
C. more old D. more older
4.A. interesting
B. more interesting
C. beautiful D. more beautiful
5. A. live B. living
C. to live D. is living
6.A. at night B. at the night
C. in night D. in the night
7.A. quickly B. more quickly
C.quicklier D. more quickly
.8.A. good B.well
C. better D. best
.9.A.for B. at C. to D. with
.10.A.am B.is C.are D. /
擴(kuò)展:猜詞秀
1.通過因果關(guān)系猜詞
通過因果關(guān)系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò))，可猜出blame的詞義是"責(zé)備"。
2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞
通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如happy and gay，即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于"行星"這一義域。通過反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all...handsome我們不難推測出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通過構(gòu)詞法猜詞
在閱讀文章時(shí)，我們總會(huì)遇上一些新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來推斷其詞意，而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時(shí)，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、后綴等語法知識(shí)，這些問題便不難解決了。
4.通過定義或釋義關(guān)系來推測詞義
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.
從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期，即drought，由此可見drought意思為"久旱"，"旱災(zāi)"。而a dry period和drought是同義語。這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號(hào)等來表示。
5.通過句法功能來推測詞義
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，我們可以從這兩個(gè)詞在句中所處的位置來判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類關(guān)系，同屬fruit類，因此它們是兩樣水果，準(zhǔn)確地說，是菠蘿和椰子。
6.通過描述猜詞
描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對(duì)該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征的描寫。例如：The penguin1 is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。后面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習(xí)性
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