虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法如何使用虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)(2)
虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法如何使用虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)
四、would rather, as if/though 以及wish后邊that從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的運(yùn)用。
1、I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.
A. come
B. would come
C. came
D. have come
(答案：C。would rather 后面的從句中，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。)
2、He talks as if he _____ everything in the world.
A. knows
B. knew
C. had known
D. would have know
(正確答案為B。在as if/though后邊的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的情況有所懷疑，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式;如果表示的是想象中的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。本句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況有所懷疑。)
3、You look as if you had seen a ghost.
(此句中as if 后邊是說(shuō)話人想象中的動(dòng)作，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。)
4、I wish I knew his address.
(在wish后邊的從句中，如果指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。這句話告訴我們說(shuō)話人并不知道他的地址。)
5、Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college。
A. could study
B. studied
C. had studied
D. would study
(答案為C。表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。)
五、在It is (high) time后邊的that從句中，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，表示該做某事了。
例：Don’t you think it is time you _____ smoking?
A. give up
B. gave up
C. would give up
D. should give up
(答案為B。)
虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式
1、對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬：(直接用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)....)
if I did /were.... I would.......
2、對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬：if ..were to..I would....= if ..did...I would....
(此項(xiàng)與對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬相同，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬不用were to.
要區(qū)別對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬和對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬``一般句子里面都有時(shí)間標(biāo)志``)
(If it were to rain tomorrow,we would not go out.
=If it rained tomorow,we would not go out.)
3、對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬 If I had done....I would have done....
(If I had known the answer, I would have told you.)
(至于If ..had been done...would have done
前面的been只是因?yàn)槭潜粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)```所以要看句子的具體意思````)
固定句型的補(bǔ)充。
要用虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子:
I would rather I could......(I would rather she could not come here)
if only..(但愿....)
A:I will go to Korea next month.B:If only I could go with you
虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望，假設(shè)，推測(cè)，命令，建議，要求等。
虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
(1). 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)，主句結(jié)構(gòu){ should(would)等+動(dòng)詞原型}
例如：If they were here ,they would help you.如果他們?cè)谶@，會(huì)幫助你的。
(2). 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)主句結(jié)構(gòu)：{should(would)等+have+過(guò)去分詞}
例如：If he had come yesterday,Ishould(would)have told him about it.如果他昨天來(lái)的話，我會(huì)把這件事告訴他的。
(3). 表示對(duì)將來(lái)不大發(fā)生的事的假想。一般過(guò)去時(shí)，were+不定式，should+動(dòng)詞原形;主句結(jié)構(gòu)：{should(would)+動(dòng)詞原形。
例如：If you succeeded ,everything would be all right.如果你將來(lái)成功了一切都會(huì)好的。
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