3.10 疑問代詞
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  1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構(gòu)成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個(gè):
   指 人: who, whom, whose
   指 物: what
   既可指人又可指物: which


  2) 疑問代詞在句中應(yīng)位于謂語動(dòng)詞之前,沒有性和數(shù)的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較:


  疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk? 
        桌上的書是誰的?
       What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
        美國的領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張是朝哪個(gè)方向的?
  限定詞: Whose books are these on the desk?
        桌上的書是誰的?
       What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?  哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國?

  說明1:
   無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi),例如:
  Which girls do you like best?
   你喜歡哪幾個(gè)姑娘?
  What girls do you like best?
   你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?


  說明2:
    Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時(shí),可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:
   Who(m) did you meet on the street?
    你在街上遇到了誰?(作動(dòng)詞賓語)
   Who(m) are you taking the book to?
    你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
   To whom did you speak on the campus?
    你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 后,不能用who取代。)


  說明3:
    疑問代詞用于對介詞賓語提問時(shí),過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現(xiàn)代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如:
  For what do most people live and work?
    大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體)
  What are you looking for?
    你在找什么?(現(xiàn)代英語)


  說明4:
    疑問代詞還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,例如:
  I can't make out what he is driving at.
   我不知道他用意何在。
  Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 
   你能告訴我床上的藍(lán)襯衣是誰的嗎?
  Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
   你說的我大部分同意,但并不完全贊同。






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