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易錯的英語不定代詞(2)

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易錯的英語不定代詞

  3.other和another的用法

  (1)相同之處

  A.兩個詞都具有名詞性質(zhì)和形容詞性質(zhì),既可指人,也可指物。

  I have two brothers. One is a teacher. The other is a doctor.(名詞性質(zhì),指人)

  我由兩個哥哥。一個是老師,另一個是醫(yī)生。

  Where's my other glove?(形容詞性質(zhì),指物)

  我的另一只手套在哪兒?

  She is going to have another baby. (形容詞性質(zhì),指人)

  她要添一個小孩了。

  This shirt is too big; I'll try another. (名詞性質(zhì),指物)

  這件襯衫太大了,我再試一件。

  B.兩個詞都可以與one搭配使用。

  Both of them left. One took a taxi, and the other walked home.

  他們倆都走了。一個人打車回家,另一個人則步行回家。

  One boy was reading, another was writing, the third was singing.

  一個男孩在讀書,另一個在寫字,第三個在唱歌。

  (2)不同之處:other與the、my、your等連用,指兩者中的“另一個”;another指多個中的“另一個”。

  Open your other eye.

  睜開你的另一只眼睛。

  He is standing at the other side of the street.

  他站在街道的另一邊。

  There are two foreigners in the office. One is from Japan and the other is from Korea.

  辦公室里有兩個外國人。一個日本人,一個韓國人。(特指兩個中的另一個)

  Would you like another (orange)?

  你還想要個(橘子)嗎?

  需要說明的是:others是another的復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示“另外的人或物”。

  In the park, there are lots of students. Some are flying kites. Others are playing balls.

  公園里有很多學(xué)生。有一些在放風(fēng)箏,其他(一些)人在玩球。

  In the park, there are lots of students. Some are flying kites. The others are playing balls.

  公園里有很多學(xué)生。有一些在放風(fēng)箏,其他人(都)在玩球。

  4.every和each的用法

  (1)相同之處

  A.兩個詞都具有形容詞性質(zhì),都可以用作定語,表示“每一個”。

  We went jogging every day.

  我們每天都慢跑。

  Each boy has a basketball member card.

  每個男孩都有一張籃球會員證。

  B.兩個詞作主語的定語時,謂語動詞都用單數(shù)。

  Every /Each room is clean and tidy.

  每個房間都很整潔。

  (2)不同之處

  A.each除了具有形容詞性質(zhì)之外,還具有名詞性質(zhì),而every沒有名詞性質(zhì)。

  She gave two apples to each.

  她給了每個人兩個蘋果。

  Each is worse than the one before.

  一個比一個差。

  正是由于這個原因,each可以與of結(jié)構(gòu)搭配,而every不能。

  each of us(√)

  every of us(×)

  each of the children(√)

  every of the children(×)

  B.each強調(diào)個體,而every 強調(diào)整體。

  He can get up for about two hours each day.

  他每天都可以起床活動大約兩個小時。

  He has already been to nearly every country.

  他已經(jīng)到過幾乎所有國家。

  5.some和any的用法

  (1)相同之處:這兩個詞都具有形容詞性質(zhì)和名詞性質(zhì),都可代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,意思是“一些、若干”。

  (2)不同之處

  A.some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句。

  I have some questions.

  我有些問題。

  I don't have any questions.

  我沒有問題。

  Do you have any questions?

  你有問題嗎?

  If you have any questions, put up your hands.

  如果你有問題,請舉手。

  B.在表示邀請、請求、建議等的疑問句中,用some.

  Would you like some orange juice?

  你想要點橙汁嗎?

  Will you please give me some cookies?

  請給我一些餅干。

  C.some可以表示“某一個”。

  He went to some place in Africa.

  他到非洲某地去了。

  D.Some還可以表示“大約” ,通常用于數(shù)字前。

  Some 40 people took part in the meeting.

  大約有40個人參加了會議。

  That was some twenty years ago.

  那大約是20年前。

  E.any還可以用于肯定句,意思是“任一的,每一的”和“任何一個(或一些)人”。

  You can buy sugar at any big store.

  你可以在任何大商店里買到糖。

  It is not yet known to any.

  這事目前誰也不知道。

  6.some(-thing,-body,-one)和any(-thing,-body,-one)的用法

  (1)相同之處:這些代詞都具有名詞性質(zhì),表示“某人”、“某物”,作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

  (2)不同之處

  A.some (-thing, -body, -one) 多用于肯定句,any (-thing, -body, -one)多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句。

  Somebody lost his/her coat.

  有人丟失了外套。

  I don't need anything.

  我什么都不需要。

  Do you need anything?

  你需要什么嗎?

  If you want anything, call me.

  你要是需要什么,就叫我。

  B.在表示邀請、請求、建議等的疑問句中,用some (-thing, -body, -one)。

  Would you like something to drink?

  你要點喝的嗎?

  Will someone go and get a bottle of water?

  誰去拿瓶水來?

  C.any (-thing, -body, -one) 可以用于肯定句,表示“任何事”或“任何人”。

  We would do anything for her.

  為了她,我們什么都可以干。

  Anybody can join us.

  任何人都可以參加。

  7.many和much的用法

  (1)相同之處:many和much都具有形容詞性質(zhì)和名詞性質(zhì),表示“許多”,主要用作定語。

  The hen laid many eggs.

  母雞下了很多蛋。

  Take as much milk as you want.

  牛奶你要多少就拿多少。

  注意:not many相當(dāng)于few.not much相當(dāng)于little.

  (2)不同之處

  A.many用來修飾可數(shù)名詞,much用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

  Are there many birds in the sky?

  天空中鳥多嗎?

  Is there much water in the bottle?

  瓶子中水多嗎?

  B.How many用于詢問可數(shù)名詞的量有多少;

  How much用于詢問不可數(shù)名詞的量有多少;

  How much還可用于詢問價錢和金額。

  How many bananas are in the basket?

  籃子里有多少香蕉?

  How much beef do you want?

  你想要(買)多少牛肉?

  How much did you pay for the pork?

  這些豬肉你付了多少錢?

  How much are these apples?

  這些蘋果多少錢?

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