高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)解析
英語(yǔ)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)很亂很雜，高考英語(yǔ)題總能糅合進(jìn)很多知識(shí)點(diǎn)，學(xué)好基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)很重要，下面就是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)解析，希望大家喜歡！
1.從句表現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的情況
A.The man who is appointed as a school principal will be a better leader.
被任命為學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)人將會(huì)是一個(gè)更好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。（用is appointed 不用 will be appointed）
B.There will be a special regulate for somebody who takes part in the competition next week.
對(duì)下周參加比賽的人將會(huì)有一個(gè)特殊的規(guī)則。（不用 will take, 而用 takes 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
2.從句表示一般過(guò)去時(shí)的情況
A.So to speak, those books whose covers were printed red would sale on Chrismas eve.
這么說(shuō)吧，那些封面被刷成紅色的書將在圣誕前夕出售。（whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句would sale 為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）
B.The fashion show which held in these countries would make an important influence.
在這些國(guó)家舉辦的時(shí)尚秀將會(huì)產(chǎn)生重要的影響。
3.但也有主句和從句都是一致時(shí)態(tài)的情況
A.Person who will go to watch movies next month will have to book tickets in advance.
在下個(gè)月要看電影的人將不得不提前訂票。（主句和從句都用的一般將來(lái)時(shí)）
B.The cooperation which will be build up between two companies will be a significant event in business.
將要在兩個(gè)公司直接建立的合作將會(huì)是一個(gè)商業(yè)界的重大事件。（主句和從句都表示將來(lái)）
定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)
考點(diǎn)一 考查關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
【解析】C。在所給的四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞中，只有whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ)，故選C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 書商就是其職業(yè)是賣書的人。
2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
【解析】B。their是物主代詞，不是關(guān)系代詞，不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，所以不能選;在其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ)，故選B。句意為：許多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他們?cè)诩亦l(xiāng)被照顧得很好。
3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
【解析】D。在所給定的四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞中，只有which和whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ)，故可排除B和C。而關(guān)系代詞which和whose用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別是：which具有that或this的語(yǔ)義特征，而whose則具有one’s的語(yǔ)義特征。
考點(diǎn)二 考查關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (遼寧卷)
A. that B. when C. what D. which
【解析】D。that不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故被排除;when可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，但只用于指時(shí)間，與句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是關(guān)系代詞，不能用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故也被排除;which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞find的賓語(yǔ)。句意為：他們贏了最后三場(chǎng)比賽，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這有點(diǎn)令人吃驚。
2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全國(guó)Ⅱ)
A. which B. that C. where D. it
【解析】A。由于兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有并列連詞，所以不能選B或D;而where是關(guān)系副詞，不能用作主語(yǔ);which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中用作主語(yǔ)。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快，這是很危險(xiǎn)的。
3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山東卷)
A. who B. which C. when D. that
【解析】B。that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故可排除;when是關(guān)系副詞，不用作主語(yǔ)，故也可排除;who用于指人，但這里的定語(yǔ)從句不是修飾her，而是修飾whenever I met her，故不能用who，此處應(yīng)用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他說(shuō)他從沒(méi)見到過(guò)她，這是不真實(shí)的。
考點(diǎn)三 查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (上海卷)
A. where B. when C. there D. which
【解析】A。由于定語(yǔ)從句he composed “The Magic Flute”的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是完整的，所以不能選D;when指時(shí)間，不用于修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞the house，故也不能選;而there不是關(guān)系詞，不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【解析】D。由于定語(yǔ)從句they can see themselves differently的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是完整的，所以不能選A和C;when指時(shí)間，不用于修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞a situation，故也不能選。
3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重慶卷)
A. why B. what C. that D. where
【解析】D。由于定語(yǔ)從句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是完整的，不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以不能選C;why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞只能是the reason，而不用于其他場(chǎng)合，故不能選;what不是關(guān)系詞，不能用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故也可排除;where在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾名詞race，相當(dāng)于in which。句意為：人生就像一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)途賽跑，在賽跑中我們?yōu)榱顺阶晕叶c別人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)
A. which B. where C. how D. why
【解析】B。定語(yǔ)從句修飾的先行詞是a point，不是my life。point在此相當(dāng)于一個(gè)抽象的地點(diǎn)，所以要用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。又如：We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我們到了必須改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她覺得自己再也不能忍受的地步。
5. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【解析】A。由于定語(yǔ)從句you are doing something serious but interesting是一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子，不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以不能選關(guān)系代詞which或that，故可排除B和D;而關(guān)系副詞when只用于修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞，故也可排除;where在此相當(dāng)于in which，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。又如：I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小時(shí)都得守在辦公桌前的工作。
考點(diǎn)四 查關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. She’ll never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)
A. that B. which C. where D. when
【解析】D。that不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故被排除;which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句必須在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，與本題的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不符，故也被排除;where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其前先行詞只能是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，而本題的先行詞her stay there(她待在那兒期間)不是表地點(diǎn)，而是表時(shí)間，故C也可排除;關(guān)系副詞when在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞her stay。句意為：她永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記她待在那兒的那段時(shí)間，在此其間她找到了她兩年前失蹤的孩子。
2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江蘇卷)
A. if B. when C. which D. since
【解析】B。when在此用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾名詞days。此題的難點(diǎn)是先行詞days與關(guān)系副詞when之間被are gone，容易誤解句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：由于金融危機(jī)，當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌?jí)賓館每晚收費(fèi)6,000元的日子已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。
考點(diǎn)五 考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陜西卷)
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
【解析】C。當(dāng)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)時(shí)，其中介詞的確定方法就是要找到與之構(gòu)成搭配的動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞等。在本題中，根據(jù)句意，句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(爭(zhēng)論某個(gè)話題)，所以答案只能選C。又如：I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫錯(cuò)了他的名字，為了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤我愿道歉。
2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全國(guó)I)
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
【解析】C。由于兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有并列連詞，所以不能選A或D;又因?yàn)槭怯糜诮樵~of之后作賓語(yǔ)，所以要用賓格whom，不用who。句意為：她帶來(lái)了三個(gè)朋友，我以前一個(gè)也沒(méi)有見過(guò)。
考點(diǎn)六 定語(yǔ)從句考查新角度
The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
【解析】B。這道題的本質(zhì)是考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法，但其命題的角度比較特別，它既不考查先行詞，也不考查關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞，而是結(jié)合介詞的搭配考查關(guān)系代詞的省略。句中定語(yǔ)從句I grew up用于修飾名詞the house，由于其前沒(méi)有“引導(dǎo)詞”，所以可認(rèn)為被省略了。而根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，可以省略的定語(yǔ)從句“引導(dǎo)詞”只可能是用作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞that或which，這樣一來(lái)，就必須要求空格處填一個(gè)能帶賓語(yǔ)的詞，顯然只有介詞in。
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高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)解析
