8年級英語上冊知識點總結(jié)
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8年級英語上冊知識點詞組總結(jié)
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng)
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去滑板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什么相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什么有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though雖然
17. most of the students=moststudents
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至于
20. activity survey活動調(diào)查
21. do homework做家庭作業(yè)
22. do housework做家務(wù)事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什么有益
26. be bad for對什么有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學(xué)回家
31. of course = certainly = sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. someadvice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed out緊張的,有壓力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回來
8年級英語上冊知識點語法總結(jié)
一. 形容詞/副詞的比較級和最高級
1. 形容詞/副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
(1)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)單詞,比較級在后面加-er,最高級在后面加-est。
?、?單音節(jié)單詞
small→smaller→smallest
short→shorter→shortest
tall→taller→tallest
great→greater→greatest
?、?少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)單詞
clever→cleverer→cleverest
narrow→narrower→narrowest
(2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)單詞,比較級在原形后加-r,最高級在原級后加-st。
large→larger→largest
nice→nicer→nicest
able→abler→ablest
(3)以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)(即:輔音+元音+輔音)單詞中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加-er,最高級加-est。
big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottest
fat→fatter→fattest
(4)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞, 把y改為i,比較級加-er,最高級加-est。
easy→easier→easiest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiest
happy→happier→happiest
(5)其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
different→more different→most different
easily→more easily→most easily
(6)有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規(guī)則的,必須熟記。
good→better→best
well→better→best
bad→worse→worst
ill→worse→worst
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→most
little→less→least
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
2. 形容詞和副詞比較級的用法
(1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”。
Tom is taller than Kate.
湯姆比凱特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.
這個房間比那個大三倍。
(2)“甲+實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.
他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
3. 形容詞和副詞最高級的用法
(1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級(+單數(shù)名詞)+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。
Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.
湯姆是他們班上/所有學(xué)生當中最高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.
這個蘋果是五個當中最大的。
(2)“主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。
I jump (the) farthest in my class.
我是我們班跳得最遠的。
二. 句子成分
1.主語:句子所陳述的對象。
2.謂語:主語發(fā)出的動作。一般是有動作意義的動詞。
3. 賓語:分為動詞賓語和介詞賓語,屬于動作的承受者。
4. 系動詞:表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的動詞,沒有實際的動作意義。如 be, 感官系動詞(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持類系動詞(keep, stay 和 remain)、狀態(tài)變化類系動詞(become、get、turn 和 go)等。
5. 表語:緊跟系動詞后面的成分。
6. 定語:修飾名詞或代詞的成分。
7. 狀語: 修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或句子的成分。
8. 補語:分為賓語補足語和主語補足語。是對賓語和主語的補充說明,與其有主動或被動的邏輯關(guān)系。
例如:You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。
(You是主語, should keep是謂語,the room是賓語,clean and tidy是賓語補足語。)
This kind of food tastes delicious.
這種食物吃起來很可口。
(This kind of food是主語, tastes是系動詞, delicious是表語。)
注意:主語、謂語、賓語、系動詞、表語、補語是一個句子的主干成分;定語和狀語是一個句子的修飾性成分,不是主干成分。
8年級英語上冊知識點句子總結(jié)
1. How oftendo you exercise? 你(你們)多久鍛煉一次身體?
How often + 助動詞do(does或did)+ 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞howoften是問頻率(多久一次),(在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用)與一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時連用,回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞,如:once,twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once aweek , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。
翻譯:“你們多久到工廠去一次?”“每星期兩次。”
“How often do you go to the factory?” “Twice a week. ”
“他們多長時間舉辦一次舞會?”“通常每兩周舉辦一次。”
“How often do they have a dancing party?” “Usually, onceevery other week.”
“他多久去購一次物?”“一個月一次。”
“How often does he go shopping?” “He goes shopping once amonth.”
2. “What do you usuallydo on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”
“周末你通常做什么?”“我通常踢足球。”
第一個do為助動詞, 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用;而第二個do則是實義動詞。
翻譯:
What do you usually do on weekends? I often go tothe movies.
What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimesgo hiking.
3. “What’s your favoriteprogram?” “It’s Animal World.”
=What program do youlike best?
“你最喜歡什么節(jié)目?”“動物世界。”
4. As for homework ,most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于;關(guān)于”,常用于句首作狀語,其后跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式(即動名詞)。如: Asfor him,I never want to see him here. 至于他,我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story,you'd better not believe it. 關(guān)于那故事,你最好不要相信。
翻譯:至于我自己,我現(xiàn)在不想去。 (Asfor myself, I don’t want to go now. )
至于那個人,我什么都不知道。(Asfor the man, I know nothing about him.)
5. Mom wants me to getup at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”;
want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如:
Do you want to go to themovies with me?你想和我一起去看電影嗎?
The teacher doesn't wantus to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
6. She says it’s good formy health.
be good for...表示“對……有益(有好處)”;其反義為:bebad for...。(這里for 是介詞,后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞)
如:It's good for us to domore reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。
Reading in bed is badfor your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。
7. How many hours do yousleep every night?
8. I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits arepretty good . 這里pretty相當于very 。
10. I try to eat a lotof vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思而trydoing sth.表示“(用某一辦法)試著去做某事”。
如: You’d better trydoing the experiment in another way.
你最好試試用另一種方法做這個試驗。
11. My healthy lifestylehelps me get good grades.
help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
12. Good food andexercise help me to study better.
這里better是well的比較級,而不是good的比較級
13. Is her lifestyle thesame as yours or different?
=Is her lifestyle thesame as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as… / be different from …
14. What sports do youplay ?
15. A lot of vegetableshelp you to keep in good health .
keep in good health =keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eatless meat .
try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ”,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比較級
17. That soundsinteresting.
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