新課標(biāo)高三英語選修九Unit3練習(xí)試題及答案(2)
新課標(biāo)高三英語選修九Unit3練習(xí)試題及答案
第二部分 閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)
A
There is no question that teenagers need rules, which is often not a difficult thing for parents to give. What can be more challenging is giving teenagers their freedom. It can be difficult to draw the line between the two. However, some issues cannot be changed by discussion and require firm rules. For instance, rules should be established concerning driving the family car.
I will admit that I have no problem coming up with rules. To me they make life easier and they leave no room for questioning. What can be more difficult, however, is giving my teens their freedom. I guess there are really two primary reasons for this. One is that I sometimes am afraid to give them freedom. The second is that I’m not always so sure what the freedom should be.
It helps that I have a husband with whom I can discuss these problems. We talk about them, give our thoughts and then we come up with an agreement. Sometimes one of us might be more unwilling but we know that there comes a time when we really do have to learn how to let go of the reins (韁繩) a bit.
If we try to make life have nothing but rules, we are more likely to see our teen’s rebelling (反抗). They need to know that while we do have certain expectations, we also trust them to begin making their own choices and decisions. How else can they do that unless they are given the space and room to do it?
It’s really all about balance and I will be the first to admit that it can be a challenge to carry out. However, it is a necessary part of growing up. Yes, teens definitely need rules but they also need freedom.
31. According to the first paragraph, it is difficult to decide .
A. whether the children need rules
B. whether the children should be given freedom
C. how much freedom should be given to children
D. what issues require non-negotiable rules
32. According to the text, we can infer that the author .
A. refuses to give her children freedom
B. finds it difficult to make rules
C. doesn’t have a good relationship with her children
D. has trouble in giving freedom to her children
33. According to the author, only rules without freedom will make the children .
A. strong-willed B. rebellious C. weak D. independent
34. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Rules are difficult to make for parents.
B. Rules and freedom are similarly important.
C. We should give children freedom as much as possible.
D. Rules are more important than freedom.
B
If there ever was a study that people shouldn’t get too little sleep, it’s this one. People deprived (剝奪) of a good night’s rest are more likely to experience changes in brain activity that can increase the urge to eat high-calorie foods.
Matthew Walker at the University of California in Berkeley and his colleagues conducted the first study of brain activity in relation to food among sleep-deprived people. The team used fMRI (功能磁共振成像) to study brain patterns of 23 people, first after a night of peaceful sleep and then after a night without sleep.
Sleep deprivation reduced activity in three areas of the brain that helps process flavor signals. It also led to more activity in the amygdala (扁桃腺), which helps govern the motivation for eating. The team also found that volunteers considered the pictures of high-calorie foods more desirable after no sleep than after a good rest.
When the researchers compared people allowed to sleep as much as they wished with those who slept just two-thirds of their normal time, they found that sleep deprivation had direct effects on eating behavior. “When people were sleep deprived, they ate an extra 549 calories per day,” say the researchers.
“It may make evolutionary sense,” says Laurent Brondel at the University of Burgundy in Dijon, France. The long summer days at higher latitudes deprive animals of sleep, but animals use their time awake to eat more, which helps them get through the short days of winter when there is not enough food.
“That’s only part of the story, though,” says Stephanie Greer, another member of the team. The body does need more energy if someone remains awake for longer, but the high-calorie foods that become more desirable after sleep deprivation would more than meet this additional need. The changes in food desirability encouraged by the sleep-deprived brain may originally have been important adaptation but today they no longer benefit our health.
Brondel agrees with this conclusion. “Sleep deprivation could, by an unknown mechanism, modify the pleasant sensation and change eating behavior,” he says. Whatever the mechanism is, there’s one clear message from the study. “These findings provide opportunities to adjust our behavior in new ways to handle such health issues,” says Greer. “Specifically, our study indicates that one choice people can make is to regularly obtain enough amounts of sleep.”
35. Matthew Walker conducted the study on sleep-deprived people to _____.
A. learn more about sleep patterns
B. warn of the danger of high-calorie foods
C. show the importance of getting enough rest
D. find the relation between brain activity and food
36. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A. sleep-deprived people lost the motivation for eating
B. sleep deprivation sped up the processing of flavor signals
C. sleep deprivation had effects on the appetite for high-calorie foods
D. sleep-deprived people were uninterested in the pictures of tasty food
37. Which of the following is the correct cause-and-effect relationship?
A. Sleep deprivation → Eating behavior → Brain activity
B. Sleep deprivation → Brain activity → Eating behavior
C. Brain activity → Sleep deprivation → Eating behavior
D. Eating behavior → Brain activity → Sleep deprivation
38. What does the author mean by saying “That’s only part of the story” in Paragraph 6?
A. High-calorie foods can provide extra energy.
B. Sleep deprivation is not good for human health.
C. Sleep-deprived people are in need of more energy.
D. Sleep deprivation is helpful in the evolution of animals.
C
Personal growth can be understood in a variety of ways. Type “personal growth” into a book search and you will find thousands of books to choose from to help you reach your full potential. It’s so easy to treat personal development as something that is optional and so few people ever take the time to actively improve themselves. On the other hand, you may have been developing as a person, but never consider it as something that can be named.
Personal growth and self-development are some of the most important activities you can do. Rather than regarding this as a selfish act, working on yourself to become a better person benefits those around you, as well as those in your community and workplace.
Many of your actions may already be fit for “self-improvement”. This self-improvement, however, is mostly unconscious and for most people it’s a case of pursuing “things” and “stuff” with the all-too-common assumption that when we get enough stuff, we will be happy. You don’t have to search too far to find how wrong this theory is.
Every day we read about seemingly successful people, those who “have it all” and find themselves in a chain of unhappy relationships or life events, which sadly end in tragedy. Charles Atlas, the famous body builder, said, “True success lies in the development of the self.” This is a surprising philosophy (哲理) for someone who spent his life developing the physique (體格).
Materially, we may be wealthy or poor, but if your inner life is not fulfilled, you will feel out of balance with the rest of your life and may try to make for this by seeking substance elsewhere — alcohol, over-working, drugs and unhealthy relationships.
What does my true self look like when I take away my house, car, etc.? Note down your goals as a person. Do you recall what they were 10, 20, or even 30 years ago? Have they changed or got lost on the way? Now imagine yourself as an older person. What do you want to look like, sound like and feel like? Is this OK with you or would you like to change this picture? Answering these questions will give you clues regarding where you could work on your personal growth.
Personally speaking, I see my own personal growth as developing my creativity and spirituality, while building a healthy body as my 40s progress. It sounds like a big task, but I break this down to bite-sized pieces, such as making some specific changes in eating and exercise patterns, going to a yoga class, picking up one of my many unused paintbrushes and just painting something rather than taking an art school course, and suddenly that’s achievable.
Set out your goals, first steps and plan of where and how you are going to carry them out. Get the support of a friend or family member to encourage you and review your progress every three months or so to keep you on track. Just start with small but meaningful changes that you notice, and if it feels strange, remember that change often does. Remember you’re making these changes for long-term personal gain, so it’s quite natural to feel a little uncomfortable at first, but be persistent, review your plan and adapt. This is your plan for growth, which can be changed and adapted to your circumstances.
39. As for the self-improvement, .
A. most people do it well in their daily life
B. most people in fact regard it as a selfish act
C. most people consider it means building a healthy life
D. most people think it is trying to achieve enough stuff
40. According to the passage, a real successful person is one .
A. who has spent his life doing business
B. who does feel happy in his inner world
C. who has gathered a great amount of wealth
D. who has made friends with many famous people
41. How does the author develop his personal growth?
A. He is always imagining himself as an old person.
B. He spares his time to take an art school course.
C. He improves himself both in creativity and spirituality.
D. He manages to collect many second-hand paintbrushes.
42. We can conclude from the passage that .
A. personal growth is important in our life
B. most people don’t believe personal growth
C. the author is the most successful man
D. personal growth determines your goals
D
We will one day be able to talk to animals using cellphone-sized equipment, says a leading expert in animal behavior. Professor Slobodchikoff is developing new technology that translates the calls of the prairie dog (草原犬鼠) and says the technology can be used to translate other animals’ “languages”. He also suggested that the technology could one day be improved to enable humans to talk back to animals.
In an interview, Professor Slobodchikoff explained he was using the new artificial intelligence (AI) software to record the calls of prairie dogs. He was then using the AI techniques to analyze the barks and translate them into English.
He explained that from his research, he knew that prairie dogs warn other members of the group about potential dangers in great detail — even describing a threat as being “a thin, brown wolf approaching quickly”.
The professor, who had spent the past 30 years analyzing the behavior of animals, added, “I think the equipment we are developing will allow us to talk to our dogs and cats. So the dog says ‘bark!’ and the equipment analyzes it and says, ‘I want to eat chicken tonight.’ Or the cat can say ‘meow’, and the equipment says, ‘You haven’t cleaned my litter box recently.’” He predicted that it would take between five and ten years of wide-ranging research to get to this point.
He believed that if such technology became a reality, it would change the world. Consider that 40 percent of all households in America have dogs, 33 percent have cats. And consider that four million dogs are killed every year because of the problems of behavior. Most problems are caused by the lack of communication between animals and human beings. Human beings can’t get across to animals what they expect, and animals can’t get across to human beings what they are experiencing. If we had a chance to talk back and forth, the dog could say, “You’re scaring me.” And you could say, “Well, I’m sorry, I didn’t realize that I was scaring you. I’ll give you more space.”
“What I’m hoping, actually, is that down the road, we will form partnerships with animals rather than exploit (利用) them,” Professor Slobodchikoff said. He added that many people are afraid of animals or they have nothing to do with them because they don’t think that animals have anything to contribute to their lives.
He says, once people are able to talk to animals, they will realize that animals are living, breathing, thinking beings, and that they have much to contribute to people’s lives.
Previous attempts to help human understand animals include the BowLingual. The Japanese equipment claims to translate barks from dozens of different breeds (品種) of dogs. The equipment was successful enough to be brought to the American market. But reports of the BowLingual’s accuracy have been mixed, with popular product-review website Epinions giving it a low 1.5 star average. Later the same company developed a following product for cats called Meowlingual although this was less successful.
43. Professor Slobodchikoff is developing the new technology by .
A. recording prairie dogs’ barks with a tape recorder
B. talking to prairie dogs using cellphone-sized equipment
C. teaching prairie dogs to speak English via advanced software
D. recording and analyzing prairie dogs’ barks with AI technology
44. What does the underlined part “this point” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A. Detailed analysis of animals’ behaviors.
B. Effective communication between dogs and cats.
C. Humans using the equipment to talk with dogs and cats.
D. Humans using AI technology to communicate with all animals.
45. According to the passage, Professor Slobodchikoff expects people to .
A. make full use of animals
B. treat animals as good partners
C. experience what dogs must experience
D. contribute a lot to the protection of animals
46. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Humans aren’t able to talk to animals now.
B. Some people think the Bowlingual is not very accurate.
C. Professor Slobodchikoff has full confidence in his research.
D. Large quantities of dogs are killed due to the increase in number.
E
Glaciers in the Alps of Europe pose a scientific mystery. In a span of about 50 years, some of the biggest glaciers retreated more than half a mile. But nobody could explain the glaciers’ rapid decline.
Scientists trying to understand Europe’s climate for the past several hundred years have turned to the glaciers in the Alps because they kept records of temperature and precipitation (降雨量) during that time.
“If you look back through the 1600s and the 1700s, the glaciers were big and quite stable,” says Tom Painter. That’s probably because Europe was in a prolonged cold spell, known as the Little Ice Age. “And then around the 1860s, the glaciers all started to retreat to the length that they had not in the previous few hundred years,” he says.
Some historians think that retreat marks the end of the Little Ice Age. But there’s a problem: Europe didn’t actually heat up until the 1910s or the 1920s. In fact, if you go by just air temperature and precipitation, the glaciers should have advanced, not retreated. So why did the glaciers start to melt?
“It dawned on me that industrialization was starting then,” Painter says. “We have these visions from Charles Dickens and others of that time — the mid-1800s — of a huge amount of soot (煤煙) being pumped out into the atmosphere, not just in England but in France and Germany and Italy.”
Painter’s previous research has shown that dust blowing onto the Rocky Mountains is making the snow melt much faster there because dark snow absorbs more sunlight. He found a record of soot from ice samples higher up in the mountains. And he thinks there was human influence.
“Industrial pollution from Europe wasn’t blowing onto Iceland or Norway, which remained cold and frosty,” says Gifford Miller. “Maybe it gave the Alpine folks in Switzerland and the Italian Alps a head start in cultivating highlands again,” he says. Could that be why we have Swiss milk chocolate today instead of Norwegian chocolate? “Could be,” Miller says, with a chuckle. Actually, it turns out that the Swiss did invent milk chocolate a decade or two after the glaciers started to give way to more pastureland (牧場), so the soot idea is not an entirely crazy idea.
But Miller learns a much bigger lesson from understanding how soot and dust can bring about quick changes to the world’s glaciers. “Things that impact on the climate system in an abrupt way are the things that people should be concerned about for the future.”
47. The underlined phrase “go by” in Para.4 probably means “_____”.
A. get back to B. look for
C. obey the rules of D. judge from
48. It can be learned from the passage that _____.
A. Alpine glaciers had melted before industrialization
B. snow on the Rocky Mountains melted faster because of dust
C. the melting of glaciers has nothing to do with human influence
D. Charles Dickens described glacial melt water in the Alps in his novels
49. Miller mentioned Swiss milk chocolate to prove _____.
A. milk chocolate was invented first in Switzerland
B. Swiss chocolate was better than Norwegian chocolate
C. the Alpine folks didn’t benefit from rapid industrialization
D. the melting of glaciers had a great impact on the life of the Swiss
50. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Pollution may have melted Alpine glaciers
B. Pollution may have advanced Alpine glaciers
C. Pollution may have raised temperatures in the Alps
D. Pollution may have caused soot to gather in the Alps
第三部分 書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié) 完成句子(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)
閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。
51. The computer has been widely used in teaching. As a result, not only ____________________________ the teachers, but students become more interested in learning. (convenient)
電腦已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于教學(xué)中，結(jié)果，不僅方便了老師，也讓學(xué)生對學(xué)習(xí)更感興趣。
52. She came with her three friends, ____________________________ I had ever met before. (none)
她是和三個(gè)朋友一起來的，沒有一個(gè)是我之前見過的。
53. It was not until they took out the black box ___________________________ why the plane crashed. (find)
他們?nèi)〕龊谙蛔雍?，才弄清飛機(jī)墜毀的原因。
54. The reason why we pull up in the middle of our route is _________________________.(run)
我們在半路停下來的原因是汽油用完了。
55. She got caught in a terrible traffic jam on the freeway to Shanghai. Otherwise, she ____________________________ dinner with her family now. (enjoy)
她在去上海的高速公路上遇到了嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞。否則，她現(xiàn)在正和家人盡情享受晚餐呢。
56. A modern child finds ____________________________ a time when there is no TV or Internet. (it)
現(xiàn)在的孩子覺著很難想象既沒有電視也沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的時(shí)代。
57. ____________________________ was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen. It seemed that she was reading something. (sit)
坐在樹下的是一個(gè)漂亮的女孩子，年紀(jì)大約十七八歲?？礃幼铀谧x著什么東西。
58. I think these kinds of laptop computers are all good both in their design and quality, so I really can’t make up my mind ____________________________. (choose)
我覺得這些種類的筆記本電腦在設(shè)計(jì)和質(zhì)量方面都很好，所以確實(shí)決定不了選哪臺好。
59. We all know that, ____________________________, the situation will get worse. (deal)
我們都知道，如果處理得不小心，形勢會(huì)變得更糟。
60. In a room above the store, where a meeting ________________________, people were discussing something heatedly. (hold)
在這個(gè)店上面的一個(gè)房間正在舉行一個(gè)會(huì)議，人們在激烈地討論著。
第二節(jié) 短文寫作(滿分30分)
We cooperate with others to be more competitive; we compete to earn a better environment for cooperation. Therefore, we can make progress continuously. Only competition with cooperation leads us to realize our goals and satisfy our needs.
注意：
?、贌o須寫標(biāo)題;
?、诔姼柰?，文體不限;
③內(nèi)容必須結(jié)合你生活中的一個(gè)事例;
?、芪闹胁坏猛嘎秱€(gè)人姓名和學(xué)校名稱;
?、菰~數(shù)不少于120;如引用提示語則不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
新課標(biāo)高三英語選修九Unit 3練習(xí)試題參考答案
1-10 CDBCD CBCBD
11-30 BDCDA BACDC DACDB BCAAB
31-50 CDBBD CBBDB CADCB DDBDA
51. is it convenient for 52. none of whom
53. that they found out 74. that the gas has run out
55. would be enjoying 56. it difficult to imagine
57. Sitting under the tree 58. which one to choose
59. if not dealt with carefully 60. was being held
One possible version:
Wang Hai was my classmate in junior school. For a time we both wanted to be on the top ten list. But it was hard; he did better in math than me while I was better at English.
At first, we each saw the other as a competitor and competed with each other and we never exchanged learning experience, and even didn’t talk to each other. As time went on, we both found we didn’t make any progress. The teacher knew that and had a talk with us. She told us to cooperate by helping each other at the weak point. We did so, and several months later, our “weak subjects” improved a lot and at last we realized our dreams.
This experience made me realize the importance of cooperation even in a competitive situation.
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