初三英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)有哪些
初三的時(shí)候，要想學(xué)好英語，就必須學(xué)好英語知識點(diǎn)。下面是小編為你推薦初三英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望能幫到你。
初三英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
英語名詞分可數(shù)的和不可數(shù)兩種。可數(shù)名詞指一般動物和事物，如“Man/ friend/ driver/ student/ dog/ cat/ boat/ egg/ gun/ hand/ head/ lamp/ road/ table/ car ”等等。
可數(shù)名詞有兩個(gè)數(shù)，即單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)。單數(shù)名詞可以和不定冠詞“ a/ an”或其他名詞限定詞(determiners)連用;復(fù)數(shù)名詞可以和數(shù)目詞，如“many/ a few/ some/ a lot of”等連用。
不可數(shù)名詞指物質(zhì)名詞(material nouns)和抽象名詞( abstract nouns)，如：“air/ butter/ grass/ money/ sand/ water/ carefulness/ joy/ peace”等等。不可數(shù)名詞可以和數(shù)量詞，如“much/ a little/ little/ a great amount of”等連用。不可數(shù)名詞只有單數(shù)，沒有復(fù)數(shù)“-s”的形式。
有些人對名詞數(shù)的概念不很清楚，對數(shù)目詞(expressions of number)和數(shù)量詞(expressions of quantity)也有些混亂，結(jié)果把數(shù)目詞用在不可數(shù)名詞之前或隨意在不可數(shù)名詞后面加上復(fù)數(shù)詞尾 “-s”，這些都是語法上的錯(cuò)誤。例如：
?、?Our workshop has ordered some new equipments from Germany.
雖然有些人把 equipment(配備)當(dāng)成可數(shù)名詞，但是它是不可數(shù)的，不可有“-s”。
?、?My teacher gave me some sound advices. 應(yīng)該是“advice”。
?、?Do you have any special informations for me? “Information”才對。
④ Most furnitures in my house are made of wood. 應(yīng)該是“furniture……is……”
?、?Today, I have many new works to do. 必須是“a lot of new work”才是。
?、?Don't walk on the grasses. 應(yīng)該用“grass”。
?、?Our foreign students have made great progresses in their studies. “Progress”(進(jìn)步)不可數(shù);不可有“-es”。
?、?All his money are kept in the bank. “Money”(金錢)屬不可數(shù)名詞;動詞要單數(shù)的“is”。
上述這類有關(guān)不可數(shù)名詞的錯(cuò)誤，極為普遍;只要看看學(xué)生的作文，便知道了。
既然如此，要怎樣避免這種錯(cuò)誤呢?
首先，必須牢記不可數(shù)名詞絕對沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。其次，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備些數(shù)量詞，如“much/ little/ some/ a little/ a lot of/ plenty of”等，以便在必要時(shí)和不可數(shù)名詞連用。最后，謹(jǐn)記：謂語動詞必須和主語的數(shù)目一致。既然不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，那么謂語動詞若是簡單現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)(simple present tense)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)( present continuous tense)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(present perfect tense)的話，就必須以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。例如：
⑨ Bread is sold in coffee shops and supermarkets.
?、?His luggage is somewhere at the railway station.
1. Some money is being used to help the poor.
2. The information required includes personal particulars and the present salary.
3. A lot of time has been spent on this project.
4. Hypocrisy gives rise to mistrust.
5. Familiarity breeds contempt.
初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)：句式句型
1. They go as fast as they can.
as…as sb. (one) can = as …as possible 盡可能地……
as…as中間加原級的形容詞或副詞。例：
I will work as hard as I can. 我將盡可能努力工作。
He ran as fast as he could. 他拼命地跑。
Please come here as soon as you can. 請盡快來這里。
2. We call the first Olympic Games the "ancient" Olympics.
我們把早期的運(yùn)動會叫做"古代"奧運(yùn)會。
call sb. / sth. +n. 稱呼某人/某物……，后面的名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
例：We call the boy DaMao. 我們稱呼那個(gè)男孩大毛。
類似于這種可以用名詞或名詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：
name/call/make/choose/find/think等。例：
We chose him our monitor at yesterday's class meeting.
昨天班會我們選他當(dāng)我們的班長。
I find him a clever boy. 我覺得他是個(gè)聰明的孩子。
3. It seemed that Zhuang Yong and Jenny Thompson, an American swimmer, had finished at the same time.
看上去好像莊泳和美國游泳選手詹尼•湯姆森同時(shí)游完全程。
以下幾種方式可以表示"看起來……，似乎……"
It seems that +從句
seem to be +adj.
seem +adj.
例：Danny seemed excited. (Danny seemed to be excited.)
丹尼似乎很激動。
seem to do sth.
例：When his wife's pet cat died, Alan didn't seem to care at all.
艾倫妻子的寵貓死了，他好象一點(diǎn)也不在乎。
4. Diving is one of the most popular events at the Olympics.
潛水是奧運(yùn)會最受歡迎的項(xiàng)目之一。
one of… ……其中之一，后常加最高級及名詞復(fù)數(shù)。例：
Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in the world.
長江是世界最長的河流之一。
5. Make your country proud. 使你的國家因你而自豪。
proud作賓語補(bǔ)足語，修飾賓語your country;
make的用法：
make the bed 鋪床 make tea 沏茶
make dumplings 包餃子 make a car 制造汽車
be made of 由……制成
make sb. /sth. +n. 使某人/某物成為……
made sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/某物如何……
make sb. /sth. do 使某人/某物做某事
名詞/形容詞/do (不定式，省to)，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
6. …his team came in twentieth. 他的隊(duì)第二十名。
twentieth 第二十
整十?dāng)?shù)的序數(shù)詞，變y為ie加th。例：
ninety→ninetieth fifty→fiftieth
7. We had such an interesting day at school today.
我們今天在學(xué)校度過了這么有趣的一天。
這句話也可以說成：We had so interesting a day at school today.
such和so意思都是"如此……/這樣……"，但用法不同。
It is so interesting a film that we all want to see it once more.
它是如此有趣的電影，我們都想再看一遍。
Thanks a lot for sending me such beautiful pictures by e-mail!
多謝你用e-mail給我發(fā)來這么漂亮的圖片。
He is so weak that he can't work on.
他如此虛弱以致不能再繼續(xù)工作。
8. If I don't. I won't be able to sleep tonight.
如果我不寫下來的話，我今晚睡不著覺。
此句是if構(gòu)成的條件狀語從句，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。
I'll go to the park with my friends if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨，我要和朋友去公園。
9. If he practises walking on pizzas, he'll do better next time.
如果他保持練習(xí)在比薩餅上走的話，下次他會表現(xiàn)好一些。
finish, enjoy, practise, keep, mind后常加動名詞作賓語。例：
You'd better practise speaking English both in and after class.
你最好在課上課下練習(xí)說英語。