2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)試題
科學(xué)的高考英語(yǔ)測(cè)試體系，合理的高考英語(yǔ)試卷，是建立科學(xué)合理的高考英語(yǔ)測(cè)試體系的關(guān)鍵。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理關(guān)于2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)試題的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)試題
第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. At what time will the class start?
A. 6:15. B. 7:30. C.7:45.
2. According to the man, why have drunken driving accidents decreased?
A. The age limit of drinking has been raised.
B. The taxes on alcohol have increased.
C. Alcohol becomes more expensive.
3. When does the conversation take place?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night.
4. What can we learn about the woman?
A. She has never expected to be a manager.
B. She thinks it boring to be a salesman.
C. She dislikes living abroad.
5. What mistake did the woman make?
A. She forgot the meeting with Jane.
B. She misunderstood the meeting place.
C. She misunderstood the meeting time.
第二節(jié)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。
6. Where will the fitness club be moved next year?
A. Across from the railway station.
B. In front of the hospital.
C. Near the bus station.
7. How does the woman suggest the man join the fitness club?
A. By filling in an application form.
B. By making a telephone call.
C. By asking Steve Fulcher.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10題。
8. What is the woman talking about?
A. An exciting day.
B. A trip experience.
C. An embarrassing event.
9. What did the woman and Jim do?
A. They found some candy.
B. They ran away at once.
C. They looked outside the tent.
10. Who on earth made the noise?
A. A bear. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman’s brother.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11和第13題。
11. How did the woman get the news?
A. She watched TV.
B. She witnessed the incident.
C. Her friend told her.
12. What was the man doing when he heard the kid shouting?
A. Standing on a huge rock.
B. Walking by the sea.
C. Getting ready to swim.
13. What happened in the end?
A. The kid fell off the rock.
B. The man got the kid down.
C. A plane went to the rescue.
聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第16題。
14. What does the woman do at the beginning of a day?
A. She deals with post.
B. She sends out photographs.
C. She visits artists.
15. How often does a new exhibition take place?
A. About twice a week.
B. About twice a month.
C. About once a month.
16. Why is the woman pleased with her job?
A. Her life is nice and calm.
B. She spends time dealing with artworks.
C. Her colleagues are easy to get along with.
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。
17. How will ReachOut camps help young people?
A. By developing their leadership skills.
B. By teaching them to solve problems.
C. By planning for their future.
18. What has happened to ReachOut camps in recent years?
A. Free meals are provided.
B. Classroom workshops are set up.
C. Entertainments are added to their activities.
19. What do camp members do in the afternoon?
A. Do the cooking.
B. Practice skills in workshops.
C. Play some outdoor games.
20. What are Helen Yates’ songs mainly about?
A. Social problems.
B. Her experiences.
C. Famous leaders.
第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) (共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分)
A
On a warm Monday, Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees. Rolling down the windows to let in fresh air, she settled back to enjoy her lunch. Suddenly she noticed a big bald man running through the parking lot. Before she came to realize what would happen, the man was there, shouting through her window, “Get out!”
Neilson refused.
Pulling open her door, the man seized her by the neck and hair, and threw her out of the car onto the ground. She screamed, grabbing her purse and the keys.
Two reporters of the local newspaper, Robert Bruce and Jeff Jackson, just outside their office building on a break, heard the screams and began running .
When they reached Neilson’s car, the attacker had jumped into the driver’s seat and was madly searching for the keys. Bruce opened the door, and he and Jackson dragged the man out. The attacker fought back. But even in his cornered panic, he was no match for the two athletic men.
Reggie Miller, a worker of the local newspaper, heard the screams, too. He rushed back to the office to phone the police, and then ran back with some plastic ropes —— used to tie up newspapers.
With his arms tied tight behind him, the prisoner looked up and said coldly, “I hope you guys feel good about yourselves—— you just caught one of the most wanted men.” They ignored him and waited for the police. Later, Bruce and Jackson were shocked to learn the man was the professional carjacker (劫車者)and suspected murderer, whose picture—— but with a full head of hair—— had been recently printed in their own newspaper.
Neilson considers herself lucky though she suffered injuries. She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come to her aid. “Unfortunately,” she said, “many people would never have done what they did, and that is the real truth.”
21. The underlined word “bald” in Paragraph 1 most probably means .
A. strong B. without hair C. ugly D. rude
22. Please arrange the time order of the following events according to the passage.
a. Neilson was enjoying her lunch in the car.
b. A man robbed Neilson of her car.
c. The picture of the carjacker was printed in the local news paper.
d. The carjacker was caught.
A. abcd B. dbca C. cabd D. abdc
23. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Neilson considers herself lucky because she was not badly hurt.
B. Neilson doesn’t think many people will do the same as the three men.
C. Neilson thinks everyone will do the same as the three men.
D. Neilson has great confidence in people’s kindness and bravery.
B
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life – changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes – Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress – it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.
By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.
But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many – like the death of a loved one – are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.
The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable and passive in the face of hardship. But what about human initiative (積極性) and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor (活力) than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental stress.
24.The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to .
A.widespread concern over its harmful effects
B.great panic over the mental disorder it could cause
C.an intensive research into stress – related illness
D.popular avoidance of stressful jobs
25.Why is “such simplistic advice” in the third paragraph impossible to follow?
A.No one can stay on the same job for long.
B.No prescription is effective in relieving stress.[:...]
C.People have to get married someday.
D.You could be missing opportunities as well.
26.We can infer from the passage people would become after experiencing stress.
A.nervous when faced with difficulties
B.physically and mentally stressful
C.more capable of dealing with hardship
D.unconcerned with what happens to them
C
Do you feel lucky? You probably don’t. You may think you’ve got where you are today through willpower and hard work. We tend to overlook luck’s role，and this seems to get worse the richer we get; surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortunes to good fortune. Many such people oppose taxation(稅收) and government spending: why should others get a handout(救濟(jì)品) if they don’t need one? More often than not，they vote against the very policies that helped them get lucky to begin with. In a recent Atlantic essay，Robert Frank，an economist who has studied attitudes to chance，quoted(引用) EB White: “Luck is not something you can mention in the presence of self-made men.”
However， if we see this just as a problem of the super-rich people，we may let the rest of us off too easily. Anyone living in a highly developed economy in 2016 is already the one who benefits from luck—for example，not living in the modern-day Central African Republic， where few people can live a long life. In fact，we are lucky to have been born human. You might have been a battery hen，or a mayfly with only one day to live.
Our blindness to such truths isn’t only because we’re self-absorbed but also we attach more significance to things that are easier to call to mind. It’s not hard to recall countless times when you put in the effort to succeed: struggling through university finals，preparing for job interviews，tolerating a long-distance travel to work. On the other hand，it’s rather difficult to realize you’re privileged—like not being born in a war zone，or before antibiotics(抗生素)，and so forth.
27. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Self-made men don’t like to be talked about.
B. Successful people owe their achievements to luck.
C. Successful people tend to overlook the role of luck.
D. Self-made men are more likely to show off their fortune.
28. According to the author，you are fortunate if you are not .
A. struggling through university finals B. preparing for interviews
C. tolerating a long distance travel D. living in a war zone
29. We can learn from the passage that .
A. few people in Africa are lucky B. each of us is actually privileged
C. people value the importance of luck D. people succeed because of luck
30. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Luck Is A Blessing B. We Are Lucky
C. How To Be Lucky D. Who Is Lucky
第二節(jié)(共5個(gè)小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
For the rest of March, a disease will sweep across the US. It will keep kids home from school. 31 Employees will suddenly lose their ability to concentrate.
The disease, known as “March Madness”, refers to the yearly 65 – team US men’s college basketball tournament (錦標(biāo)賽). 32 Teams compete against each other in a single – elimination (單局淘汰) tournament that eventually crowns a national champion.
Nearly 20 million Americans will find themselves prisoners of basketball festival madness. The fun comes partly from guessing the winners for every game. Friends compete against friends. 33 Colleagues against bosses.
Big – name schools are usually favored to advance into the tournament. But each year there are dark horses from little – known universities.
This adds to the madness. Watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000, for many Americans, is an exciting experience. Two years ago, the little – known George Mason University was one of the final four teams. 34
College basketball players are not paid, so the game is more about making a name for their university and themselves. 35 About $ 4 billion will be spent gambling (賭) on the event. According to Media Life magazine, the event will bring in $ 500 million in advertising income this year, topping the post – season income of every US professional league, including that of the NBA.
A. Husbands against wives.
B. The players will go all out for the games.
C. But that doesn’t mean money isn’t involved.
D. College students will ignore piles of homework.
E. People are willing to spend more money on watching it.
F. It begins on March 15 and lasts through the beginning of April.
G. Many people had never even heard of the university before the tournament.
第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)：完形填空(共20個(gè)小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡該項(xiàng)涂黑。
The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi (印地) culture with you. Today I’m hoping to paint a better picture of 36 it means to give in Hindi and how their generosity differs from 37 of Western culture.
I was 38 when we learned the word “thank you” doesn’t really exist in Hindi. In the mountains，it is 39 used， and people often seemed 40 when we tried to thank them. They 41 either turn their heads，or shake their hands at us.
When we asked our Indian friends why this is so，they 42 that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a 43 of “changing hands” than an act of generosity. In their eyes，the foods they would give us were 44 really “theirs”. They see them as something passed along to them and now they are 45 passing them along to us.
The villagers were eager to 46 their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. 47 ，people in the U.S. tend to 48 old，used，or unwanted things 49 their treasured ones.
50 ，during a coffee break，a friend told me about how he donated his 51 clothes and shoes—just for the 52 of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is 53 Westerners can certainly do. We can practice 54 giving away the things we value most—not only actual physical possessions，but also perhaps even more 55 ，our time and attention.
36. A. how B. when C. why D. what
37. A. that B. one C. it D. both
38. A. amused B. interested C. shocked D. disappointed
39. A. often B. occasionally C. sometimes D. seldom
40. A. annoyed B. excited C. frightened D. bored
41. A. could B. should C. would D. mightZxxkCom
42. A. learned B. realized C. decided D. explained
43. A. matter B. change C. picture D. state
44. A. ever B. yet C. never D. already
45. A. partly B. equally C. obviously D. simply
46. A. give away B. give out C. give back D. give in
47. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile
48. A. return B. possess C. donate D. share
49. A. rather than B. better than C. more than D. less than
50. A. Importantly B. Obviously C. Interestingly D. Luckily
51. A. expensive B. favorite C. beautiful D. casual
52. A. pain B. target C. experience D. reason
53. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something
54. A. in B. by C. for D. about
55. A. urgent B. efficient C. important D. flexible
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
There were many problems when people first moved into the cities in the US and UK. Many lived in bad conditions in poor housing. The governments on 56 sides of the Atlantic, worked to improve the living conditions of city dwellers (居民). For a while, especially in the U.S., city life came to be seen as the best and most exciting way to live. Living in the rural areas was regarded as boring. Who wanted to be struggling to make 57 living in the country doing hard agricultural labor?
Many in the UK believed that they had a much better chance of improving themselves in the city. It would be 58 (easy) to move from the ranks of physical laborers to the middle classes 59 they could get better jobs and education. However, Britain has always had a deep love of the beauty and peacefulness of the countryside. The upper classes have always liked to have a house both in London 60 in the country. They still wanted to go to the country for the summer.
Over the last two generations in the UK and US, industrialization 61 (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas. They are concerned 62 overcrowding, too much traffic and pollution. What most people want now is a life in the country. They want to move to a village, small town or small holding outside of the city 63 they can have more space and some peace and quiet. 64 (develop) in transportation mean that people can continue longer distance, so more people are living as far as they can from urban centers.
People also believe that village and small town life is better for children. Many say that the schools, 65 ( especial) the primary schools, are better in smaller villages. The classes are smaller and some say there will be more positive influence on their children and that their social life will be more fulfilling and nurturing.
第四部分：寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
假如你是李華，在上海學(xué)習(xí)的英國(guó)朋友Tony給你發(fā)郵件說周末要來杭州找你玩。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)要點(diǎn)提示給Tony寫一封信向他介紹這兩天的安排。
1.周五晚上在杭州火車站接Tony，住預(yù)定酒店;
2.周六參觀杭州名勝;
3.周日在家的活動(dòng);
4.冬季寒冷，請(qǐng)多備衣物。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
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第二節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow(烏鴉)perched(棲息)on their window.
The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.”
After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I have just now told you, it’s a crow!”
After a little while, the old father again asked his son for the third time, “What is this?”
At this time some expression of irritation(惱怒)was felt in the son’s tone when he said to his father with a rebuff(生硬回絕). “It’s a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son the fourth time, “What is this?”
This time, the son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again, although I have told you so many times ‘IT IS A CROW’. Are you not able to understand this?”
A little later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered(發(fā)皺的)diary, which he had maintained since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary:
“Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa, when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent son.
注意：
1. 所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ);
3. 續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好;
4. 續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。
After reading the diary,
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Feeling ashamed,
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2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)試題答案
1.D
2. A 即時(shí)，副詞，立即。B 應(yīng)為“厘清”， 厘清的支配對(duì)象往往是“關(guān)系”“原則”“任務(wù)”; 而“理清”一般用于有條理的事物，如“理清思路”、“理清頭緒”、“理清脈絡(luò)”、“理清層次”、“理清條理”，等等。C白山黑水：長(zhǎng)白山和黑龍江。泛指中國(guó)東北地區(qū)。D與虎謀皮，與老虎商量要老虎的皮，比喻跟所謀求的對(duì)象有利害沖突，決不能成功。后多指跟惡人商量，要他犧牲自己的利益，喻指一定辦不到。
3. A B.缺少主語(yǔ)，去掉“讓”;C.語(yǔ)序不當(dāng)，應(yīng)該改為“接受、處理和傳遞信息”;D.有歧義，屬于“零門檻”選秀節(jié)目是指《歡樂喜劇人》還是《中國(guó)喜劇星》有歧義
4. D ⑤從柳條的角度寫對(duì)雨的期待，與下文大地和樹根的期待相呼應(yīng);③用個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折句，使行文有跌宕;⑥引出對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)的雷聲和雨聲的懷想，②照應(yīng)“雷聲”，①照應(yīng)“雨聲”;④結(jié)束回憶，帶出鄉(xiāng)愁)
5. 解釋更詳細(xì);知識(shí)性更強(qiáng);舉例說明;傳統(tǒng)文化濃。(每要點(diǎn)1分，其他言之有理也可酌情給分。)
6. 邀請(qǐng)函的正文是指主辦方正式告知被邀請(qǐng)方舉辦活動(dòng)的目的、事項(xiàng)及要求，寫明禮儀活動(dòng)的日程安排、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，并對(duì)被邀請(qǐng)方發(fā)出得體、誠(chéng)摯的邀請(qǐng)。結(jié)尾一般要寫常用的邀請(qǐng)慣用語(yǔ)。如“敬請(qǐng)光臨”、“歡迎光臨、蒞臨”。
光陰荏苒，歲月如歌。2016年是青云中學(xué)發(fā)展史上具有里程碑意義的一年，這一年，我們將迎來母校六十周年華誕。親愛的校友，六十年風(fēng)雨歲月足以使一棵幼苗長(zhǎng)成參天大樹，正是有各位校友一直以來的關(guān)注和支持，母校才有了今天的成就。為了凝聚校友力量，回顧過去，展望未來，學(xué)校決定于2016年12月18日在學(xué)校隆重舉行建校六十年校慶慶典活動(dòng)。我們真誠(chéng)地邀請(qǐng)您屆時(shí)光臨，共賀母校六十華誕。
(活動(dòng)目的1分，時(shí)間1分，邀請(qǐng)1分，感情真摯1分，字?jǐn)?shù)1分)
7.C 題干要求選出“關(guān)于‘暴發(fā)戶審美’的表述，不符合原文意思的一項(xiàng)”，這是考查學(xué)生理解文章重要概念的能力。論述類文體閱讀的命題主要從概念、判斷、推理三個(gè)角度命題，概念注意“答非所問”“內(nèi)涵、外延不準(zhǔn)”“誤劃類別”“張冠李戴”;判斷類注意“范圍不當(dāng)”“偷換概念”“曲解文意”;推理注意“強(qiáng)加因果”“強(qiáng)行推理”等錯(cuò)誤。答題的關(guān)鍵是審清題干、找準(zhǔn)區(qū)位、對(duì)讀原文、尋找細(xì)微的差別。C項(xiàng)“整個(gè)社會(huì)由傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)耕社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代的工業(yè)社會(huì)，必然造成國(guó)民的美育和審美品格不被提倡，從而出現(xiàn)‘暴發(fā)戶審美’”說法錯(cuò)誤，原文中，“國(guó)民的美育和審美品格不被提倡”的原因是受到外來文化的沖擊，以及“不愛紅裝愛武裝”時(shí)代。
8.D 本題考查學(xué)生理解作者觀點(diǎn)的能力。D項(xiàng)“中國(guó)的知識(shí)界做出了杰出努力。未來粗鄙又浮躁的‘暴發(fā)戶審美’必然會(huì)消失”說法錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)應(yīng)的信息在原文最后一段“我很欣賞奧運(yùn)會(huì)中的中國(guó)印、祥云和開幕式中‘畫卷’的設(shè)計(jì)，這是一種積極和精心的努力。當(dāng)然，還嫌太少，還只是在設(shè)計(jì)范疇的個(gè)別成功的范例，更大的文化問題是我們的現(xiàn)代審美”“ 而這種時(shí)代審美是不會(huì)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換與完成的。如果現(xiàn)代文化建立不起來，留下的空白一定會(huì)被商業(yè)文化所占據(jù)”，由“當(dāng)然，還嫌太少，還只是在設(shè)計(jì)范疇的個(gè)別成功的范例”可以確定，“杰出努力、必然消失”是武斷的。
9.(1)審美的繁縟與炫富感，完全脫離傳統(tǒng)審美的厚重與含蓄。
(2)國(guó)力的衰敗使奢華的追求無(wú)法企及而日漸粗鄙，審美能力和審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)遭到破壞。
(3)受外來文化的沖擊，國(guó)民的美育和審美品格已不被提倡。(1點(diǎn)1分，2點(diǎn)3分，3點(diǎn)4分)
10. (1) 一開始被蒙娜麗莎的質(zhì)樸所吸引，想要接近她;后來收到蒙娜麗莎送還圍巾，很感動(dòng);圍上圍巾被銅釘刺傷，很憤恨;最后知道真相，由衷贊美。(3分，1點(diǎn)1分,答滿3點(diǎn)即可)
(2)小說通過寫凱莉?qū)γ赡塞惿膽B(tài)度變化，側(cè)面襯托了蒙娜麗莎的形象;使小說情節(jié)跌宕起伏，吸引讀者。(2分，1點(diǎn)1分)
11. 揭示了小說的故事背景及社會(huì)環(huán)境，暗示了主題;引出下文凱莉?qū)γ赡塞惿膯栕?，推進(jìn)情節(jié);與故事結(jié)尾蒙娜麗莎的行為形成對(duì)比(襯托)，突出了對(duì)蒙娜麗莎人性的贊美。(1點(diǎn)1分，2點(diǎn)3分，3點(diǎn)4分)
12. 通過神情描寫(1分)寫蒙娜麗莎因被誤解而挨打的凄慘和見到凱莉的興奮，(1分)前后對(duì)比，(1分)表現(xiàn)了蒙娜麗莎的單純質(zhì)樸、對(duì)凱莉的信任(對(duì)愛的強(qiáng)烈渴望)(2分)
13.①《蒙娜麗莎的微笑》是達(dá)•芬奇的經(jīng)典畫作，以此為題，設(shè)置懸念，引人入勝;(2分)②暗示了小說的情節(jié)和線索?！睹赡塞惿奈⑿Α肥钱嫾覟樾∨嫷娜萎嬒瘢瑯?gòu)成了全文的主體內(nèi)容，是小說情節(jié)發(fā)展的線索;(2分)③隱喻了小說的主題。蒙娜麗莎的微笑是小說中小女孩的笑容，象征著小姑娘雖身處窮苦卻懂得感恩以及強(qiáng)烈渴望得到愛和尊重的真誠(chéng)，寄寓了作者對(duì)小姑娘悲慘遭遇的同情和對(duì)她品質(zhì)的贊美，隱喻了主題。(2分)
14.B(B.項(xiàng)“病”均訓(xùn)為“認(rèn)為……是錯(cuò)誤的，意動(dòng)用法”)
15.D(A.項(xiàng)“焉”均訓(xùn)為“句末語(yǔ)氣詞，可不譯”;B.項(xiàng)“乃”均訓(xùn)為“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系連詞，卻”。C.項(xiàng)“而”均訓(xùn)為“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”，D.項(xiàng)“所”第一句中訓(xùn)為“所字結(jié)構(gòu)，與后面的動(dòng)詞結(jié)合,構(gòu)成名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，指代人或事物。第二句中訓(xùn)為“與‘為’呼應(yīng),構(gòu)成‘為…所…’句式,表示被動(dòng)。”)
16.D(“意在告誡人們要廉潔自奉，不飲盜泉之水”不合原文意思，且無(wú)中生有)
17.夫君子以身立教/有可以植正道/遏邪說/正人心/揚(yáng)公論/皆當(dāng)見而為之/又何可病而譏之哉?(評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：每?jī)商幍?分，斷對(duì)1處不得分，斷對(duì)2、3處得1分，斷對(duì)4、5處得2分，斷對(duì)6處得3分)
18.⑴一個(gè)人的生命的長(zhǎng)短是由天來決定的，不能夠憑借用外力來爭(zhēng)得長(zhǎng)壽，而立身處事之成功失敗(或慈善兇惡)是由自己來決定的。
(評(píng)分參考：修短，長(zhǎng)短;否臧，成敗，善惡。各1分，語(yǔ)句通順，符合現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)規(guī)范，沒有錯(cuò)別字，得1分。共3分)
?、?大丈夫之心)用刀劍驅(qū)逐逼迫他卻不被不義屈服，拿沸水與烈火降臨于他卻不被不義動(dòng)搖，難道是喝了一小勺水所能夠惑亂改變他的嗎?
(評(píng)分參考：而，卻，可是，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系連詞;為……屈，被……屈服;為……動(dòng)，被……動(dòng)搖;移，改變。四處各1分。語(yǔ)句通順，符合現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)規(guī)范，沒有錯(cuò)別字，否則扣1分。共4分)
19.前詩(shī)表明評(píng)論詩(shī)歌要有主見，不要人云亦云。 后詩(shī)表明詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作要放松心態(tài)，靈感自會(huì)從天而降。(2分)
20.同：以議論為主。(1分)
異：前詩(shī)以議論開篇，“只眼須憑自主張”亮明觀點(diǎn)。然后用比喻手法，將見識(shí)低下而評(píng)詩(shī)比作矮人看戲，生動(dòng)地再現(xiàn)了因見識(shí)淺陋而沒有定數(shù)，人云亦云的情況，從而表明詩(shī)歌評(píng)論要有自己的主張的觀點(diǎn)。后詩(shī)以記敘開篇，用對(duì)比手法，將少時(shí)與老時(shí)對(duì)詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作的不同感受進(jìn)行對(duì)比，突出詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作心態(tài)應(yīng)該放松的觀點(diǎn)。(4分，各2分)
21.孔子重義重德，不完全排斥利，(1分)也不因利而害義失義，不為義拒利而害義(1分)。
22.子路救人受謝，義利兩全，既合乎道德又合乎人性，行義獲利對(duì)行善是一種鼓勵(lì)，因此可推動(dòng)助人之風(fēng)(2分)。子貢重義讓利，雖然合乎義，但是拒利反而害了大義，以致“讓而止善”，這會(huì)讓許多想行善者望而卻步。(2分)義與利不是對(duì)立的而是統(tǒng)一的，重義崇德并不意味著要輕利。(1分)
23. 明月不諳離別苦，斜光到曉穿朱戶
舳艫千里，旌旗蔽空
不見復(fù)關(guān)，泣涕漣漣
士不可以不弘毅，任重而道遠(yuǎn)
問渠那得清如許，為有源頭活水來
24. (1)本題材料是一段生活類材料，借書畫鑒賞大家張伯駒以及寫文章、作書畫、唱戲的名人，廣閱博覽而成名家之事，說明一個(gè)道理：名望、名聲、成就(面子)來自廣閱博覽的積累(底子)，成就是建筑在積累的基礎(chǔ)上的，面子是依靠底子撐起來的，沒有底子就沒有面子，沒有底子的面子不是面子而是面具。一句話，本段材料的中心是講面子(成就)與底子(積累)的關(guān)系。
(2)立意導(dǎo)引：
本題命題者要求“綜合材料內(nèi)容和含意”，這個(gè)要求的意思是：立意要從材料的整體含義出發(fā)，而不能從材料的局部或某個(gè)側(cè)面、某個(gè)角度、某個(gè)意義點(diǎn)甚至某個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞出發(fā)。本材料的中心是：底子(積累)與面子(成就)的關(guān)系，所以，這是本題寫作立意的基點(diǎn)，也是最佳的切入角度，也就是說本題寫作立意要講面子(成就)與底子(積累)的關(guān)系，或從兩者關(guān)系類比引申開來的社會(huì)之事、人生之理。
(3)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
?、僖活惥恚褐v面子(成就)與底子(積累)的關(guān)系，見解獨(dú)到深刻，說理透徹，52分及以上。
?、诙惥恚簝烧哧P(guān)系稍有涉及，重點(diǎn)講面子(成就)或底子(積累的、讀書的)，51分—45分。
③三類卷：只講面子(成就)或底子(積累的、讀書的)，44分—36分。
?、芩念惥恚簭牟牧侠镆鲆粋€(gè)觀點(diǎn)，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)與材料主旨有點(diǎn)關(guān)系但關(guān)系不大的，35分—26分。
?、菸孱惥恚簭牟牧侠镆鲆粋€(gè)觀點(diǎn)，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)與材料主旨毫無(wú)關(guān)系的，這就是離題了。25 分及以下。
【參考譯文】
從前西晉有一個(gè)廉潔的官員，名叫吳隱之，出任廣州刺史，經(jīng)過貪泉飲水，賦詩(shī)說：“古人說此水，飲一杯值千金。如果讓伯夷、叔齊來飲，應(yīng)當(dāng)是始終不變心的。”后來吳隱之最終以其廉潔自律而終其一生。后人稱道廉潔之士時(shí)，也一定會(huì)稱(他)為“吳刺史”。元代憲副吳君任職廣西時(shí)，把(貪泉邊)的亭子命名為“飲泉”，是欽慕吳刺史的(緣故);而憲副的廉潔，最終可與吳刺史相提并論。
至正十四年，憲副的孫子吳以時(shí)，拿著以前的征士京兆杜伯原所寫的“飲泉亭”三個(gè)字，來征求我的意見(向我求取文章)。我過去看過前人談?wù)搮谴淌凤嬋氖?，有人指?zé)他矯情(或 “故作姿態(tài)”, “掩飾真心”)，很不認(rèn)為他的行為是對(duì)的。君子用自身的行為來樹立榜樣，能用來培植正道，遏制邪說，匡正人心，弘揚(yáng)公道的，(大家)都應(yīng)當(dāng)看到并且學(xué)習(xí)，又怎么可以指責(zé)并譏諷他呢?
一個(gè)人的壽命長(zhǎng)短是上天決定的，不可以憑借人力爭(zhēng)取就能得到的。然而做惡事或善事，卻是由自己決定的。人心的貪婪與清廉，是從自己內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生的，難道是身外之物(或“外在的事物”)所能改變的嗎?假如那里有(一口)泉水，說是喝了的人會(huì)死，我卻奮發(fā)那種無(wú)所畏懼的勇氣，冒死飲用，死亡不是我能決定的，而懷抱必死的念頭而勉強(qiáng)飲用，這就是矯情，這是沒有好處而是沽名釣譽(yù)，那么君子就會(huì)指責(zé)并且不去做這樣的事。大丈夫的心胸，要用仁義充實(shí)，要用禮儀確立，用刀劍逼迫卻不被不義之行所屈服，面對(duì)如湯似火一樣的險(xiǎn)境而不被不義之行所撼動(dòng)，那難道是一勺水所能惑亂和改變的嗎?
人們喜好名利，都是被外物所蠱惑，(好名與好利)只要有一樣，那么(他)的操守就不能穩(wěn)固，因而外物就能夠改變他了。像吳刺史這樣的人，我知道他決不是矯情 來沽名釣譽(yù)的人，只因?yàn)樗钪懒x，明智而自信，忠心實(shí)意，所以(他)飲了泉水來昭示世人，讓人知道貪婪與廉潔都是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的，而不是借助外物的(力量) 的，讓那些表面上追求名聲然而內(nèi)心貪婪污濁的人，不能用借口來減輕自己的罪過，這就是所說的扶植正道，遏制邪說，匡正人心，弘揚(yáng)公道，真的是能夠使愚頑的 人開啟心智，使懦弱的人變得自立，他的功績(jī)不在伯夷、叔齊之下啊。
番禺在嶺嶠之外，距離天子最遠(yuǎn)，所以在那個(gè)地方做官的人，能夠放縱貪婪之心。貪婪互相沿襲，成為慣例，百姓沒有可以歸罪的對(duì)象，于是讓泉水承擔(dān)(這個(gè)罪名)，(喝了貪泉之水的人會(huì)變貪)這是怨恨激憤的人的說法。吳刺史這種行為，不只是使嶺外之民開始蒙受天子的恩惠，而且也讓泉水得以洗清它的冤屈。百姓，是上天的子民;泉水，是蒼天的賜物。一個(gè)刺史的職位如果能有合適的人(來?yè)?dān)任)，那么百姓與萬(wàn)物都蒙受恩賜。啊，真是偉大啊!吳以時(shí)崇尚高尚的氣節(jié)，敢于直言，看見貪婪之人嫉恨如仇人，所以凡是有俸祿爵位的人，大多不能與他相互投合。我很是敬重他有祖輩的風(fēng)范，因此寫了這篇記。
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