復(fù)合句的使用方法與介紹
復(fù)合句的使用方法與介紹
英語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句一般分為三大類型,名詞性從句、形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。那么要如何正確使用復(fù)合句呢?以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于復(fù)合句的用法的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
復(fù)合句的介紹
復(fù)合句分為并列復(fù)合句和主從復(fù)合句,在英語(yǔ)試題中,復(fù)合句占有較大的比例,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)該注意:
1. 要發(fā)散思維,忌單向思維,考各種從屬句,常常是不同類型的連接詞語(yǔ)正誤連綴而至,如果不抓住這一點(diǎn),不從多方面思考選擇,就容易以偏概全,誤入歧途;
2. 弄清主從復(fù)合句中的每一個(gè)從屬連接詞的意思、用法、主句與從句在時(shí)態(tài)上的呼應(yīng)、語(yǔ)氣、是否需要倒裝、固定搭配及邏輯常識(shí)等;
3. 熟記句型及特殊表達(dá)形式;
4. 注意各分句之間的特點(diǎn)及區(qū)別;
5. 注意有些連接詞的省略情況及省略后某些語(yǔ)序發(fā)生的變化。
總之在做習(xí)題時(shí),不能生搬硬套,一成不變,要全方位的思考,摸清出題者的意圖,靈活機(jī)動(dòng),隨著不同的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境而變化。
復(fù)合句的用法
(一)名詞性從句
在整個(gè)復(fù)合句中起名詞作用,充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)等的各種從句,統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。名詞性從句主要有以下幾種:
1.that引導(dǎo)的從句e.g. It is reported that one third of Guangzhou citizens plan to buy a private car. (據(jù)報(bào)道,三分之一的廣州市民打算購(gòu)買私家車。)
2. whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句e.g. Whether motorcycles should be banned in Guangzhou has become an issue of controversy.(廣州是否禁摩托車成了有爭(zhēng)議的話題。)
3. how/why/when/where引導(dǎo)的從句e.g. This essay aims to explore why so many white collar workers suffer from insomnia. (本文將探討為什么這么多白領(lǐng)失眠的原因。)
4. who/whom/whose/what/which引導(dǎo)的從句e.g. Who should be responsible for the environmental degradation is still unknown.(誰(shuí)對(duì)環(huán)境惡化負(fù)責(zé)還不清楚。)
(二)形容詞性從句
具有形容詞功能,在復(fù)合句中做定語(yǔ)的從句被稱之為形容詞性從句或定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞、詞組或代詞被稱為先行詞。形容詞性從句分為兩種類型:
(1)由關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, that, which, as引導(dǎo)的從句。例如: People who are strongly against human cloning claim that it is immoral and unethical. (強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)克隆人的人們認(rèn)為這樣做不道德和不合倫理)
(2)由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引導(dǎo)的從句。例如: I would like to analyze the reasons why a growing number of teenagers are addicted to gambling.(我將分析為什么越來(lái)越多的青少年沉迷于賭博的原因。)
(三)副詞性從句
副詞性從句也稱為狀語(yǔ)從句,主要用來(lái)修飾主句或者主句的謂語(yǔ)。大致分為九大類,分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。
(1)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. When everyone is fully aware of the severity of fresh water scarcity and takes effective measures, I am convinced that we will tackle this problem constructively.(當(dāng)每個(gè)人充分意識(shí)到淡水短缺的嚴(yán)重性,并采取有效措施,我相信我們一定能妥善解決好這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)
(2)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Where there is smoke, there is fire.(無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪)
(3)原因狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Pets should be forbidden because they may spread diseases and damage the cityscape.(應(yīng)該禁止飼養(yǎng)寵物,因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)傳播疾病和有損市容。)
(4)目的狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Old people should be encouraged to live in a nursing house so that they can enjoy professional care and first-rate facilities. (應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)老人到敬老院居住,這樣他們可以享受到專業(yè)的照料和一流的設(shè)施。)
(5)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Some government officials fail to recognize the potential hazards of improper waste disposal, so that the environment in some cities is deteriorating.(一些政府官員未能認(rèn)識(shí)到垃圾處理不當(dāng)帶來(lái)的潛在危害,因此一些城市的環(huán)境不斷惡化。)
(6)條件狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. If we continue to overlook the increasing waste in Guangzhou, it is likely that Guangzhou will become a huge landfill site sooner or later.(如果我們繼續(xù)無(wú)視廣州日益增多的垃圾,有可能不久的將來(lái)廣州將成為巨大的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。)
(7)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. While I admit that smoking has some side-effects, I still feel that it is ridiculous to ban smoking in public places.(雖然我承認(rèn)吸煙有副作用,我依然覺(jué)得公共場(chǎng)所禁煙是荒.唐的。)
(8)比較狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Red is two times as much as Blue.(紅色是藍(lán)色的兩倍。)
(9)方式狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. Just as we protect less able human beings, so we should safeguard the welfare of other weaker species.(正如我們保護(hù)弱者一樣,我們也應(yīng)該保護(hù)弱勢(shì)物種的福利。)
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